面向对象编程交易 [英] Object-oriented programming & transactions

问题描述

一点介绍:

类包含字段和方法(这次让我跳过属性).
字段代表类的状态.
方法描述了类的行为.

Class contains fields and methods (let me skip properties this time).
Fields represent a state of the class.
Methods describe behavior of the class.

在设计良好的类中，如果抛出异常，方法不会改变类的状态，对吗?(换句话说，无论发生什么，类的状态都不应该被破坏)

In a well-designed class, a method won't change the class's state if it throws an exception, right? (In other words, whatever happens, class's state shouldn't be corrupted)

问题:

是否有框架、设计模式、最佳实践或编程语言以事务风格调用一系列方法，以便类的状态不会改变(在异常的情况下)，或者一切都成功?

Is there a framework, a design pattern, best practice or a programming language to call a sequence of methods in a transactional style, so that either class's state don't get changed (in case of exception), or everything succeeds?

例如:

// the class foo is now in the state S1
foo.MoveToState2();
// it is now (supposed to be) in the state S2
foo.MoveToFinalState();
// it is now (supposed to be) in the state, namely, S3

当然，MoveToState2() 和 MoveToFinalState() 中都可能发生异常.但是从这段代码中，我希望 foo 类处于 S1 或 S3 状态.

Surely, an exception might occur both in MoveToState2() and MoveToFinalState(). But from this block of code I want the class foo to be either in the state S1 or S3.

这是一个涉及单个类的简单场景，没有if，没有while，没有副作用，但我希望这个想法很清楚.

This is a simple scenario with a single class involved, no if's, no while's, no side effects, but I hope the idea is clear.

推荐答案

看看 Memento 模式

备忘录模式是一种软件设计模式，提供将对象恢复到其先前状态(通过回滚撤消)的能力.

The memento pattern is a software design pattern that provides the ability to restore an object to its previous state (undo via rollback).

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