如何在 Python 的 argparse 中对同一组参数调用 parse_args() 两次? [英] How to call parse_args() twice on the same set of arguments in Python's argparse?
问题描述
简化的测试用例:我有一个需要两个参数的脚本.第一个是整数列表.第二个是单个整数,必须包含在第一个参数的整数集中.
Simplified test case: I have a script that takes two arguments. The first is a list of integers. The second is a single integer that must be contained in the first argument's set of integers.
例如:
$ python argtest.py --valid_nums 1 2 3 --num 2
应该可以,但是:
$ python argtest.py --valid_nums 1 2 3 --num 4
不应该工作,因为 num
不是 in
valid_nums
.但是,我在实现此功能时遇到了一些困难(阅读:我怀疑这比它的价值更麻烦,但我真的希望它起作用).
Should not work, since num
is not in
valid_nums
. However, I have had some difficulty (read: I suspect it is more trouble than it's worth, but I really want it to work) implementing this functionality.
实施尝试:
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--valid_nums',
type=int,
nargs='+')
args = parser.parse_args()
print "Numbers: ", args.valid_nums
parser.add_argument('--num',
type=int,
choices=args.valid_nums)
args = parser.parse_args()
print args
实际输出:
$ python argtesttest.py --valid_nums 1 2 3 --num 2
usage: argtesttest.py [-h] [--valid_nums VALID_NUMS [VALID_NUMS ...]]
argtesttest.py: error: unrecognized arguments: --num 2
所需的输出:
$ python argtesttest.py --valid_nums 1 2 3 --num 2
Namespace(num=2, valid_nums=[1, 2, 3])
现在,(我认为)这里的问题是,在调用 parse_args()
后,我无法向解析器添加新参数,这会产生有关无法识别参数的错误,但我可以不要想办法解决它.有什么办法可以打破参数的处理,使其不是一次全部处理?
Now, (I think) the issue here is that I cannot add a new argument to the parser after I have called parse_args()
, which yields the error about an unrecognized argument, but I can't think of a way around it. Is there any way to break up the processing of arguments such that it isn't all at once?
显然,如果我只调用一次 parse_args()
并自己处理容器成员资格检查,这将是非常简单的,但我希望使用 使其本机"工作argparse
的内置错误检查.
Obviously this would be pretty trivial to do if I only called parse_args()
once and handled the container membership checking myself, but I'd like to get it working 'natively' using argparse
's built-in error-checking.
有什么想法吗?
推荐答案
你需要使用 parser.parse_known_args()
而不是 parser.parse_args()
,或者在调用 parse_args()
之前将所有参数添加到解析器.
you need to use parser.parse_known_args()
as opposed to parser.parse_args()
, or add all the arguments to parser before calling parse_args()
.
parse_args()
需要理解 sys.argv
中的所有当前参数,在第一次的时候已经包含了 --num
解析,因此例外.
parse_args()
needs to understand all the current arguments in sys.argv
, which already contains --num
at the time of first parsing, hence the exception.
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