RealityKit – 以编程方式向 ModelEntity 添加材质 [英] RealityKit – Adding a Material to a ModelEntity programmatically

问题描述

RealityKit 的文档包括结构体:OcclusionMaterial、SimpleMaterial 和 UnlitMaterial，用于将材料添加到 ModelEntity>.

The docs for RealityKit include the structs: OcclusionMaterial, SimpleMaterial, and UnlitMaterial for adding materials to a ModelEntity.

或者，您可以加载附加了材料的模型.

Alternatively you can load in a model with a material attached to it.

我想以编程方式向 ModelEntity 添加自定义材质/纹理.如何在不将材质添加到 Reality Composer 或其他一些 3D 软件中的模型的情况下即时实现这一目标?

I want to add a custom material/texture to a ModelEntity programmatically. How can I achieve this on the fly without adding the material to a model in Reality Composer or some other 3D software?

推荐答案

更新时间:2021 年 6 月 8 日.

目前 RealityKit 2.0 和 RealityFoundation 中有 6 种材质:

• 简单材料
• UnlitMaterial
• 遮挡材料
• VideoMaterial(查看 这篇文章 了解如何设置)
• PhysicallyBasedMaterial
• CustomMaterial
• SimpleMaterial
• UnlitMaterial
• OcclusionMaterial
• VideoMaterial (look at this post to find out how to setup it)
• PhysicallyBasedMaterial
• CustomMaterial

因此您可以将以下代码与 SimpleMaterial() 类一起使用:

So you can use the following code with a SimpleMaterial() class:

@IBOutlet var arView: ARView!

let sceneObjects = try! Experience.loadAllMyObjects()

var simpleMaterial = SimpleMaterial()
    
simpleMaterial.baseColor = try! MaterialColorParameter.texture(
                                          TextureResource.load(named: "img.jpg"))

simpleMaterial.metallic = MaterialScalarParameter(floatLiteral: 0.9)
simpleMaterial.roughness = MaterialScalarParameter(floatLiteral: 0.1)
simpleMaterial.tintColor = UIColor.yellow

/*

simpleMaterial.baseColor = MaterialColorParameter.color(UIColor(red: 0.7,
                                                              green: 0.5,
                                                               blue: 0.2,
                                                              alpha: 1.0))
*/

目前在 RealityKit 2.0 中有 5 种方法来创建 3D 基元:

And at the moment there are 5 methods in RealityKit 2.0 to create 3D primitives:

• generateBox(...)
• generateSphere(...)
• generatePlane(...)
• generateText(...)
• generate(...) – 从网格描述符列表中创建网格资源
• generateBox(...)
• generateSphere(...)
• generatePlane(...)
• generateText(...)
• generate(...) – Create a mesh resource from a list of mesh descriptors

所以让我们使用其中之一:

So let's use one of them:

let mesh: MeshResource = .generateBox(size: 2.5)

let component = ModelComponent(mesh: mesh, 
                          materials: [simpleMaterial])

sceneObjects.components.set(component)
arView.scene.anchors.append(sceneObjects)




我们知道SceneKit中有5种不同的着色模型，所以我们可以使用RealityKit的SimpleMaterial、PhysicallyBasedMaterial和UnlitMaterial来生成所有这些五个我们已经习惯的着色器.

We know that in SceneKit there are 5 different shading models, so we can use RealityKit's SimpleMaterial, PhysicallyBasedMaterial and UnlitMaterial to generate all these five shaders that we've been accustomed to.

让我们看看它的样子:

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.blinn            –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(0.5),
                                                        isMetallic: false)

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.lambert          –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(1.0),
                                                        isMetallic: false)
  
SCNMaterial.LightingModel.phong            –  SimpleMaterial(color: . gray,
                                                         roughness: .float(0.0),
                                                        isMetallic: false)

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.physicallyBased  –  PhysicallyBasedMaterial()

SCNMaterial.LightingModel.constant         –  UnlitMaterial(color: .gray)

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