在单元测试 .Net core 3.1 后台服务时，无法解析 IConfiguration [英] While Unit Testing a .Net core 3.1 Background Service, unable to resolve IConfiguration

问题描述

我正在尝试为 BackgroundService Worker.cs 编写单元测试用例.我已阅读堆栈溢出问题

I'm trying to write unit test case for the BackgroundService Worker.cs. I have read Stack Overflow Question

但我仍然收到错误

尝试激活AutoClueArchiver.Worker"时，无法解析Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.IConfiguration"类型的服务.

"Unable to resolve service for type 'Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.IConfiguration' while attempting to activate 'AutoClueArchiver.Worker'.

public WorkerTests()
{
    _config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", true, true)
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.Development.json", true, true)
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.local.json", true, true)
            .AddJsonFile("\\charon.cmiprog.com\devinet\Configuration\" + "ApiEndpoints.json", false, true)
            .AddJsonFile("ApiEndpoints.local.json", true, true)
            .AddJsonFile("\\charon.cmiprog.com\devinet\Configuration\" + "Kafka.json", false, true)
            .AddEnvironmentVariables().Build();
         _mockedKafkaTopicConsumerManager =new Mock<IKafkaTopicConsumerManager>();
         _mockedMessageProcessor=new Mock<IMessageProcessingCapable>();
}

[Fact]
public async Task ExecuteAsync_Test()
{            
     IServiceCollection services=new ServiceCollection();
     services.AddSingleton<IConfigEntriesClientService, ConfigEntriesClientServiceInjectable>();
     services.AddSingleton(typeof(IProducer), s => new KafkaProducer(s.GetRequiredService<IProducer<string, string>>(), s.GetRequiredService<IConfiguration>().GetValue<string>("Shared:Kafka:TopicSuffix")));
     services.AddSingleton(typeof(IProducer<string, string>), c => new ProducerBuilder<string, string>(KafkaConfigs(c)).Build());
     services.AddHttpClient();
     services.AddScoped<IPolicyApiClient, PolicyApiClient>();
     services.AddTransient<IFilterMessages, MessageFilter>();
     services.AddTransient<IArchiveAutoClues, Archiver>();
     services.AddTransient<IFileSystem, FileSystem>();
     services.AddTransient<ISaveDocument, DocumentManager>();
     services.AddTransient<IKafkaTopicConsumerManager, KafkaTopicConsumerManager>();
     services.AddTransient<IMessageProcessingCapable, ConsumerInitializer>();
     services.AddTransient<Consumer>();
     services.AddTransient<IExceptionPublisher, ExceptionPublisher>();
     services.AddTransient<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
     services.AddScoped(sp => new HttpClientHandler { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate });
     services.AddHttpClient<IBaseApiClient, BaseApiClient>().ConfigurePrimaryHttpMessageHandler(
     sp => new HttpClientHandler { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip | DecompressionMethods.Deflate }
            );

     var worker=services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
     var serviceProvider=services.BuildServiceProvider();
     var backgroundService = serviceProvider.GetService<IHostedService>() as Worker;
     await backgroundService?.StartAsync(CancellationToken.None);
     await Task.Delay(1000);
     await backgroundService?.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None);
     //await backgroundService.ExecuteAsync(new CancellationToken()); 
     //Any way to access ExecuteAsync here since I get protection level error as 
     //ExecuteAsync is protected
     _mockedKafkaTopicConsumerManager.Verify(c=>c.StartConsumption
     (It.IsAny<CancellationToken>(), 
     _mockedMessageProcessor.Object,
                It.IsAny<string>(),
                It.IsAny<string>(),
                It.IsAny<List<string>>(),
                It.IsAny<string>(),
                It.IsAny<int>()),Times.Once);
}

推荐答案

我没有看到您将 IConfiguration 添加到服务集合的位置.您在构造函数中构建了一个，但未将其添加到测试中的服务集合中.

I do not see where you add IConfiguration to the service collection. You build one in the constructor but do not add it to the service collection in the test.

[Fact]
public async Task ExecuteAsync_Test() {

    IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection();
    services.AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(_config);

    //...

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