32 位程序在 64 位操作系统上的运行速度与在 32 位操作系统中本机运行时相比是否相对较慢? [英] Do 32 bit programs run relatively slower on 64 bit OS against when they are natively run in 32 bit OS?

问题描述

我在这里阅读了有关 WOW 64 的信息http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOW64

I was reading about WOW 64 here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WOW64

并了解到它在 64 位 Windows 操作系统中的一个层来运行 32 位程序.

and learnt that its a layer in 64 bit Windows OS to run 32 bit programs.

那么我可以假设 32 位程序在 64 位操作系统上的运行速度相对较慢，而它们在 32 位操作系统中本机运行.

So can I assume that 32 bit programs run relatively slower on 64 bit OS against when they are natively run in 32 bit OS.

我可以看到在 64 位操作系统中访问超过 4 GB 内存的优势.但是这个优势一定抵消了WOW64层增加的小开销吗?64 位是否还有其他优势可以抵消这一点.

I can see the advantages of memory access of over 4 GB in 64 bit OS. But does this advantage necessarily offset the small overhead added by layer of WOW64 ? Are there any other advantages of 64 bit which offset this.

推荐答案

64 位系统的主要优点是它允许应用程序处于 64 位模式，反过来，如果您需要访问超过 4GB 的内存.如果您有这种要求，使用 64 位系统是您唯一的选择.您的应用程序将使用 64 位代码，因此不会使用 WOW64，因此不会导致问题.

The main advantage of a 64-bit system is that it allows applications in 64-bit mode, which, in turn, is primarily useful if you need to access more than 4GB memory. If you have that requirement, using a 64-bit system is your only choice. Your application would be using 64-bit code, so WOW64 would not be used, and thus not cause problems.

如果您真的没有要求在单个进程中使用超过 4GB 的内存，那么 64 位 Windows 是否真的是一种改进就值得商榷了.如果您想使用超过 4GB 的主内存，您可能需要 64 位 Windows(尽管您也可以为此使用 PAE，但它有其自身的缺点).不过，在 64 位系统上，您可以运行 64 位应用程序.对于 AMD64 处理器，64 位模式可能比本地 32 位模式更快，因为处理器有更多寄存器.这种轻微的收益是否超过了轻微的损失.WOW64 取决于您的应用程序组合.

If you don't really have the requirement to use more than 4GB of memory in a single process, it becomes debatable whether 64-bit Windows is really an improvement. You might need 64-bit Windows if you want to use more than 4GB of main memory at all (although you can also use PAE for that, which has its own disadvantages). Still, on a 64-bit system, you can run 64-bit applications. With AMD64 processors, 64-bit mode might be faster than native 32-bit mode, because the processor has more registers. Whether this slight gain outweighs the slight loss wrt. WOW64 depends on your application mix.

就我个人而言，我认为很多人安装 64 位 Windows 是因为他们不完全了解这样做的后果，但觉得他们是安全的(他们可能不会，因为缺少驱动程序).

Personally, I think many people install 64-bit Windows because they don't fully understand the consequences of doing so, but feel they are on the safe side (which they may not, due to the lack of drivers).

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