错误:在 dockerfile 中使用 apk 无法满足约束 [英] ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints using apk in dockerfile

问题描述

我正在尝试将 postgis 安装到 postgres 容器中.Dockerfile:

I'm trying to install postgis into a postgres container. Dockerfile:

FROM postgres:9.6.4-alpine

RUN apk update 
    && apk add -u postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4 postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

COPY ./scripts/postgis.sh  /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/postgis.sh

postgis.sh:

postgis.sh:

#!/bin/sh

for DB in $(psql -t -c  "SELECT datname from pg_database where datname = 'backend'"); do
    echo "Loading PostGIS extensions into $DB"
    "${psql[@]}" --dbname="$DB" <<-'EOSQL'
        CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS postgis;
EOSQL
done

我收到此错误:

错误:不可满足的约束:postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4(缺失):要求:世界[postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4]postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts(缺失):要求:世界[postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts]命令'/bin/sh -c apk update &&apk add -u postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4 postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts &&rm -rf/var/lib/apt/lists/*' 返回非零代码:2

ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints: postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4 (missing): required by: world[postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4] postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts (missing): required by: world[postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts] The command '/bin/sh -c apk update && apk add -u postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4 postgresql-9.6-postgis-2.4-scripts && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*' returned a non-zero code: 2

我发现了类似的问题，例如:

I found similar questions such as :

1. 错误:无法满足的约束:在 alpine 中安装包时
2. 错误:无法满足的约束 - 在 php:7-fpm-alpine 上

但这并没有解决我的问题.如何使用 apk 将 postgis 扩展添加到我的 postgres 容器中?

But it doesn't solve my problem.How can I add postgis extension to my postgres container with apk?

推荐答案

Postgis 包仅在 edge alpine repo 中可用，在稳定版中不可用.这就是您收到无法满足的约束"错误的原因.

Postgis package is only available in edge alpine repo, not in a stable one. That's why you are getting "unsatisfiable constraints" error.

但无论如何你都可以从edge repo安装postgis:

But anyway you can install postgis from edge repo:

# echo "http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing" >> /etc/apk/repositories

# apk update
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
WARNING: This apk-tools is OLD! Some packages might not function properly.
v3.5.2-254-g9d4623dc57 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/main]
v3.5.2-247-gc85efb30e1 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/community]
v3.7.0-2163-ge03552fc58 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing]
OK: 10930 distinct packages available

# apk search --no-cache postgis
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.5/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
WARNING: This apk-tools is OLD! Some packages might not function properly.
postgis-dev-2.4.1-r1
postgis-2.4.1-r1
postgis-doc-2.4.1-r1

所以，最终的Dockerfile是:

FROM postgres:9.6.4-alpine

RUN echo "http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/testing" >> /etc/apk/repositories

RUN apk update 
    && apk add -u postgis 
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

COPY ./scripts/postgis.sh  /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/postgis.sh

2020 年 1 月 23 日更新:

Postgis 在主要和社区存储库中可用阿尔卑斯版本 3.11:

Postgis is available in main and community repositories starting from Alpine version 3.11:

/ # cat /etc/os-release
NAME="Alpine Linux"
ID=alpine
VERSION_ID=3.11.3
PRETTY_NAME="Alpine Linux v3.11"
HOME_URL="https://alpinelinux.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.alpinelinux.org/"
/ #
/ # apk search --no-cache postgis
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.11/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
postgis-3.0.0-r1
postgis-doc-3.0.0-r1

对于 Alpine 3.11 及更高版本，您不需要使用 edge repo 测试分支.

You don't need to use edge repo testing branch for Alpine version 3.11 and later.

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