调用退出后应用程序不退出 [英] Application not quitting after calling quit
问题描述
我有一个小问题,我似乎无法弄清楚.我正在将 DataGridView(它的内容)保存到一个 xls 文件中.我这样做没有问题,除了在我的任务管理器中它仍然显示它正在运行.我打过电话:
I have a small problem that I can't seem to figure out. I am saving a DataGridView (it's contents) to an xls file. I have no problem in doing so except in my task manager its still showing up that it's running. I have called:
xlApp.Application.Quit()
声明如下:
Dim xlApp As New excel.Application
这似乎不起作用,但这与我让用户选择将其导出到 Word 文档时退出的方式相同.我不确定我哪里出错了...
This seems to not work, BUT this is the same way I quit when I let the user choose to export it to a Word Document. Im not sure where I am going wrong...
这是我的完整代码
Imports Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word
Imports Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
Public Class Form1
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
For x As Integer = 1 To 3500
DataGridView1.Rows.Add(New Object() {"r" & x.ToString & "c1", "r" & x.ToString & "c2", "r" & x.ToString & "c3", "r" & x.ToString & "c4", "r" & x.ToString & "c5"})
Next
End Sub
Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
exportToWord (DataGridView1)
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim xlApp As New Excel.Application
Dim xlWorkBook As Excel.Workbook
Dim xlWorkSheet As Excel.Worksheet
'Dim misValue As Object = System.Reflection.Missing.Value
xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add
xlWorkSheet = DirectCast(xlWorkBook.Sheets("sheet1"), Excel.Worksheet)
xlApp.Visible = True
Dim headers = (From ch In DataGridView1.Columns _
Let header = DirectCast(DirectCast(ch, DataGridViewColumn).HeaderCell, DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell) _
Select header.Value).ToArray()
Dim headerText() As String = Array.ConvertAll(headers, Function(v) v.ToString)
Dim items() = (From r In DataGridView1.Rows _
Let row = DirectCast(r, DataGridViewRow) _
Where Not row.IsNewRow _
Select (From cell In row.Cells _
Let c = DirectCast(cell, DataGridViewCell) _
Select c.Value).ToArray()).ToArray()
Dim table As String = String.Join(vbTab, headerText) & Environment.NewLine
For Each a In items
Dim t() As String = Array.ConvertAll(a, Function(v) v.ToString)
table &= String.Join(vbTab, t) & Environment.NewLine
Next
table = table.TrimEnd(CChar(Environment.NewLine))
Clipboard.SetText (table)
Dim alphabet() As Char = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToUpper.ToCharArray
Dim range As excel.Range = xlWorkSheet.Range("B2:" & alphabet(headerText.Length) & (items.Length + 2).ToString)
range.Select()
xlWorkSheet.Paste()
range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalDown).LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone
range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalUp).LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With range.Borders(Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal)
.LineStyle = Excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = Excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
'xlApp.Visible = True
xlWorkBook.SaveAs("C:UsersCoDeXeRDesktopWord1.xls", True)
xlWorkBook.Close()
xlApp.Application.Quit()
ReleaseObject(xlWorkSheet) '<~~~ Added as per comment from deleted post
ReleaseObject (xlWorkBook)
ReleaseObject (xlApp)
End Sub
Public Sub exportToWord(ByVal dgv As DataGridView)
' Create Word Application
Dim oWord As Word.Application = DirectCast(CreateObject("Word.Application"), Word.Application)
' Create new word document
Dim oDoc As Word.Document = oWord.Documents.Add()
Dim headers = (From ch In dgv.Columns _
Let header = DirectCast(DirectCast(ch, DataGridViewColumn).HeaderCell, DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell) _
Select header.Value).ToArray()
Dim headerText() As String = Array.ConvertAll(headers, Function(v) v.ToString)
Dim items() = (From r In dgv.Rows _
Let row = DirectCast(r, DataGridViewRow) _
Where Not row.IsNewRow _
Select (From cell In row.Cells _
Let c = DirectCast(cell, DataGridViewCell) _
Select c.Value).ToArray()).ToArray()
Dim table As String = String.Join(vbTab, headerText) & Environment.NewLine
For Each a In items
Dim t() As String = Array.ConvertAll(a, Function(v) v.ToString)
table &= String.Join(vbTab, t) & Environment.NewLine
Next
table = table.TrimEnd(CChar(Environment.NewLine))
Clipboard.SetText (table)
Dim oTable As Word.Table = oDoc.Tables.Add(oDoc.Bookmarks.Item("endofdoc").Range, items.Count + 1, headers.Count)
oTable.Range.Paste()
'make the first row bold, fs 14 + change textcolor
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Font.Bold = &H98967E
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Font.Size = 14
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Font.Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorWhite
'change backcolor of first row
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Shading.Texture = Word.WdTextureIndex.wdTextureNone
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Shading.ForegroundPatternColor = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
oTable.Rows.Item(1).range.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Word.WdColor.wdColorLightBlue
''set table borders
'With oTable.Range.Tables(1)
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderLeft)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth100pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderRight)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth100pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderTop)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth100pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderBottom)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth100pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderHorizontal)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' With .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderVertical)
' .LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleSingle
' .LineWidth = Word.WdLineWidth.wdLineWidth050pt
' .Color = Word.WdColor.wdColorAutomatic
' End With
' .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalDown).LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleNone
' .Borders(Word.WdBorderType.wdBorderDiagonalUp).LineStyle = Word.WdLineStyle.wdLineStyleNone
' .Borders.Shadow = False
'End With
' Save this word document
oDoc.SaveAs("C:UsersCoDeXeRDesktopWord1.doc", True)
oDoc.Close()
oWord.Application.Quit()
'oWord.Visible = True
End Sub
Public Sub exportToExcel(ByVal dgv As DataGridView)
End Sub
Private Sub ReleaseObject(ByVal obj As Object)
Try
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject (obj)
obj = Nothing
Catch ex As Exception
obj = Nothing
Finally
GC.Collect()
End Try
End Sub
End Class
推荐答案
仅调用 .Quit()
不会从内存中删除应用程序.完成编码后关闭对象非常重要.这确保了所有对象都被正确释放,并且没有任何东西留在内存中.
Just Calling .Quit()
will not remove the Application from memory. It is very important to close the objects after you are done with your coding. This ensures that all objects are released properly and nothing remains in the memory.
看这个例子
Imports Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel
Public Class Form1
'~~> Define your Excel Objects
Dim xlApp As New Excel.Application
Dim xlWorkBook As Excel.Workbook
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
'~~> Add a New Workbook
xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add
'~~> Display Excel
xlApp.Visible = True
'~~> Do some stuff Here
'~~> Save the file
xlWorkBook.SaveAs(Filename:="C:TutorialSampleNew.xlsx", FileFormat:=51)
'~~> Close the File
xlWorkBook.Close()
'~~> Quit the Excel Application
xlApp.Quit()
'~~> Clean Up
releaseObject (xlApp)
releaseObject (xlWorkBook)
End Sub
'~~> Release the objects
Private Sub releaseObject(ByVal obj As Object)
Try
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject (obj)
obj = Nothing
Catch ex As Exception
obj = Nothing
Finally
GC.Collect()
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click
Me.Close()
End Sub
End Class
另外值得一提的是 2 DOT 规则.
如果您喜欢从 VB.Net 自动化 Excel,那么您可能还想看看这个 链接.
If you love automating Excel from VB.Net then you might also want to have a look at this link.
跟进
问题是我上面提到的 2 DOT 规则.当您使用 2 DOT 规则(例如:Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalDown
)时,您必须使用 GC.Collect()
进行垃圾收集.所以你需要做的就是添加这部分
The problem is the 2 DOT Rule as I mentioned above. When you use the 2 DOT Rule (Ex: Excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalDown
) then you have to do the Garbage Collection by using GC.Collect()
. So All you need to do is add this part
Finally
GC.Collect()
在Private Sub ReleaseObject(ByVal obj As Object)
Private Sub ReleaseObject(ByVal obj As Object)
Try
Dim intRel As Integer = 0
Do
intRel = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj)
Loop While intRel > 0
MsgBox("Final Released obj # " & intRel)
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox("Error releasing object" & ex.ToString)
obj = Nothing
Finally
GC.Collect()
End Try
End Sub
最终代码(尝试和测试)
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Dim xlApp As New excel.Application
Dim xlWorkBook As excel.Workbook
Dim xlWorkSheet As excel.Worksheet
Dim xlRange As excel.Range
'Dim misValue As Object = System.Reflection.Missing.Value
xlWorkBook = xlApp.Workbooks.Add
xlWorkSheet = DirectCast(xlWorkBook.Sheets("sheet1"), excel.Worksheet)
xlApp.Visible = True
Dim headers = (From ch In DataGridView1.Columns _
Let header = DirectCast(DirectCast(ch, DataGridViewColumn).HeaderCell, DataGridViewColumnHeaderCell) _
Select header.Value).ToArray()
Dim headerText() As String = Array.ConvertAll(headers, Function(v) v.ToString)
Dim items() = (From r In DataGridView1.Rows _
Let row = DirectCast(r, DataGridViewRow) _
Where Not row.IsNewRow _
Select (From cell In row.Cells _
Let c = DirectCast(cell, DataGridViewCell) _
Select c.Value).ToArray()).ToArray()
Dim table As String = String.Join(vbTab, headerText) & Environment.NewLine
For Each a In items
Dim t() As String = Array.ConvertAll(a, Function(v) v.ToString)
table &= String.Join(vbTab, t) & Environment.NewLine
Next
table = table.TrimEnd(CChar(Environment.NewLine))
Clipboard.SetText(table)
Dim alphabet() As Char = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz".ToUpper.ToCharArray
xlRange = xlWorkSheet.Range("B2:" & alphabet(headerText.Length) & (items.Length + 2).ToString)
xlRange.Select()
xlWorkSheet.Paste()
xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalDown).LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone
xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlDiagonalUp).LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlLineStyleNone
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeLeft)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeTop)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeBottom)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlEdgeRight)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlMedium
End With
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideVertical)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
With xlRange.Borders(excel.XlBordersIndex.xlInsideHorizontal)
.LineStyle = excel.XlLineStyle.xlContinuous
.ColorIndex = 1 'black
.TintAndShade = 0
.Weight = excel.XlBorderWeight.xlThin
End With
xlWorkBook.SaveAs(Filename:="C:UsersSiddharth RoutDesktopWord1.xls", FileFormat:=56)
xlWorkBook.Close()
xlApp.Quit()
ReleaseObject(xlRange)
ReleaseObject(xlWorkSheet)
ReleaseObject(xlWorkBook)
ReleaseObject(xlApp)
End Sub
Private Sub ReleaseObject(ByVal obj As Object)
Try
Dim intRel As Integer = 0
Do
intRel = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(obj)
Loop While intRel > 0
MsgBox("Final Released obj # " & intRel)
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox("Error releasing object" & ex.ToString)
obj = Nothing
Finally
GC.Collect()
End Try
End Sub
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