如何在 Linux shell 脚本中提示是/否/取消输入? [英] How do I prompt for Yes/No/Cancel input in a Linux shell script?

问题描述

我想在 shell 脚本中暂停输入，并提示用户进行选择.
标准的Yes、No 或Cancel 类型的问题.
如何在典型的 bash 提示符下完成此操作?

I want to pause input in a shell script, and prompt the user for choices.
The standard Yes, No, or Cancel type question.
How do I accomplish this in a typical bash prompt?

推荐答案

在 shell 提示下获取用户输入的最简单和最广泛可用的方法是 read 命令.说明其使用的最佳方式是一个简单的演示:

The simplest and most widely available method to get user input at a shell prompt is the read command. The best way to illustrate its use is a simple demonstration:

while true; do
    read -p "Do you wish to install this program?" yn
    case $yn in
        [Yy]* ) make install; break;;
        [Nn]* ) exit;;
        * ) echo "Please answer yes or no.";;
    esac
done

另一种方法，指出steven-huwig">Steven Huwig，是 Bash 的 <代码>选择命令.下面是使用 select 的相同示例:

Another method, pointed out by Steven Huwig, is Bash's select command. Here is the same example using select:

echo "Do you wish to install this program?"
select yn in "Yes" "No"; do
    case $yn in
        Yes ) make install; break;;
        No ) exit;;
    esac
done

使用select，您不需要清理输入——它会显示可用的选择，然后您输入与您的选择相对应的数字.它还会自动循环，因此如果输入无效，则无需 while true 循环重试.

With select you don't need to sanitize the input – it displays the available choices, and you type a number corresponding to your choice. It also loops automatically, so there's no need for a while true loop to retry if they give invalid input.

此外，Léa Gris 展示了一种在 她的回答.调整我的第一个示例以更好地服务于多种语言可能如下所示:

Also, Léa Gris demonstrated a way to make the request language agnostic in her answer. Adapting my first example to better serve multiple languages might look like this:

set -- $(locale LC_MESSAGES)
yesptrn="$1"; noptrn="$2"; yesword="$3"; noword="$4"

while true; do
    read -p "Install (${yesword} / ${noword})? " yn
    if [[ "$yn" =~ $yesexpr ]]; then make install; exit; fi
    if [[ "$yn" =~ $noexpr ]]; then exit; fi
    echo "Answer ${yesword} / ${noword}."
done

显然，其他通信字符串在这里仍未翻译(安装、回答)，这需要在更完整的翻译中解决，但在许多情况下，即使是部分翻译也会有所帮助.

Obviously other communication strings remain untranslated here (Install, Answer) which would need to be addressed in a more fully completed translation, but even a partial translation would be helpful in many cases.

最后，请查看 优秀答案/1765658/f-hauri">F.豪里.

Finally, please check out the excellent answer by F. Hauri.

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