使用 Python 在 XML 中查找和替换值 [英] Find and Replace Values in XML using Python

问题描述

我希望使用 python 编辑 XML 文件.我想查找和替换标签中的关键字.过去，一位同事设置了模板 XML 文件，并使用查找和替换"程序来替换这些关键字.我想使用 python 来查找和替换这些关键字的值.我一直在自学 Elementtree 模块，但在尝试查找和替换时遇到了麻烦.我附上了我的 XML 文件的一小部分.你会看到一些用 % 包围的变量(即 %SITEDESCR%)这些是我想要替换的词，然后将 XML 保存到一个新文件中.任何帮助或建议都会很棒.

I am looking to edit XML files using python. I want to find and replace keywords in the tags. In the past, a co-worker had set up template XML files and used a "find and replace" program to replace these key words. I want to use python to find and replace these key words with values. I have been teaching myself the Elementtree module, but I am having trouble trying to do a find and replace. I have attached a snid-bit of my XML file. You will seen some variables surrounded by % (ie %SITEDESCR%) These are the words I want to replace and then save the XML to a new file. Any help or suggestions would be great.

谢谢，迈克

<metadata>
<idinfo>
<citation>
<citeinfo>
 <origin>My Company</origin>
 <pubdate>05/04/2009</pubdate>
 <title>POLYGONS</title>
 <geoform>vector digital data</geoform>
 <onlink>\C$ArcGISDevelopmentGeodatabasePDA_STD_05_25_2009.gdb</onlink>
</citeinfo>
</citation>
 <descript>
 <abstract>This dataset represents the mapped polygons developed from the field data for the %SITEDESCR%.</abstract>
 <purpose>This dataset was created to accompany some stuff.</purpose>
 </descript>
<timeperd>
<timeinfo>
<rngdates>
 <begdate>%begdate%</begdate>
 <begtime>unknown</begtime>
 <enddate>%enddate%</enddate>
 <endtime>unknown</endtime>
 </rngdates>
 </timeinfo>
 <current>ground condition</current>
 </timeperd>

推荐答案

基础知识:

from xml.etree import ElementTree as et
tree = et.parse(datafile)
tree.find('idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/begdate').text = '1/1/2011'
tree.find('idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/enddate').text = '1/1/2011'
tree.write(datafile)

如果标签名称唯一，您可以缩短路径.此语法查找树中任何深度级别的第一个节点.

You can shorten the path if the tag name is unique. This syntax finds the first node at any depth level in the tree.

tree.find('.//begdate').text = '1/1/2011'
tree.find('.//enddate').text = '1/1/2011'

另外，阅读文档，尤其是.XPath 支持定位节点.

Also, read the documentation, esp. the XPath support for locating nodes.

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