如何在没有root访问权限的情况下安装python模块? [英] How to install python modules without root access?

问题描述

我正在上一些大学课程，并获得了一个教学帐户"，这是一个我可以通过 ssh 登录的学校帐户来完成工作.我想在那台机器上运行我的计算密集型 Numpy、matplotlib、scipy 代码，但我无法安装这些模块，因为我不是系统管理员.

I'm taking some university classes and have been given an 'instructional account', which is a school account I can ssh into to do work. I want to run my computationally intensive Numpy, matplotlib, scipy code on that machine, but I cannot install these modules because I am not a system administrator.

我该如何安装?

推荐答案

在大多数情况下，最好的解决方案是依赖所谓的用户站点"位置(请参阅 PEP 详情)运行:

In most situations the best solution is to rely on the so-called "user site" location (see the PEP for details) by running:

pip install --user package_name

以下是我原始答案中更手动"的方式，如果上述解决方案适合您，则无需阅读.

Below is a more "manual" way from my original answer, you do not need to read it if the above solution works for you.

使用easy_install，您可以:

With easy_install you can do:

easy_install --prefix=$HOME/local package_name

将安装到

$HOME/local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages

(本地"文件夹是很多人使用的典型名称，但当然您可以指定您有权写入的任何文件夹).

(the 'local' folder is a typical name many people use, but of course you may specify any folder you have permissions to write into).

您需要手动创建

$HOME/local/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages

并将其添加到您的 PYTHONPATH 环境变量中(否则 easy_install 会报错——顺便说一下，运行上面的命令一次以找到 X.Y 的正确值).

and add it to your PYTHONPATH environment variable (otherwise easy_install will complain -- btw run the command above once to find the correct value for X.Y).

如果您不使用 easy_install，请查找前缀选项，大多数安装脚本都让您指定一个.

If you are not using easy_install, look for a prefix option, most install scripts let you specify one.

您可以使用 pip:

pip install --install-option="--prefix=$HOME/local" package_name

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