使用 chrome 无头和硒下载 [英] Downloading with chrome headless and selenium

问题描述

我正在使用 python-selenium 和 Chrome 59，并尝试自动化一个简单的下载序列.当我正常启动浏览器时，下载有效，但当我在无头模式下进行时，下载不起作用.

I'm using python-selenium and Chrome 59 and trying to automate a simple download sequence. When I launch the browser normally, the download works, but when I do so in headless mode, the download doesn't work.

# Headless implementation
from selenium import webdriver

chromeOptions = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chromeOptions.add_argument("headless")

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chromeOptions)

driver.get('https://www.mockaroo.com/')
driver.find_element_by_id('download').click()
# ^^^ Download doesn't start

<小时>

# Normal Mode
from selenium import webdriver

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get('https://www.mockaroo.com/')
driver.find_element_by_id('download').click()
# ^^^ Download works normally

<小时>

我什至尝试添加默认路径:

---

I've even tried adding a default path:

prefs = {"download.default_directory" : "/Users/Chetan/Desktop/"}
chromeOptions.add_argument("headless")
chromeOptions.add_experimental_option("prefs",prefs)

添加默认路径在正常实现中是有效的，但同样的问题在无头版本中仍然存在.

Adding a default path works in the normal implementation, but the same problem persists in the headless version.

如何在无头模式下开始下载?

How do I get the download to start in headless mode?

推荐答案

是的，这是一个功能"，为了安全.如前所述，这里是错误讨论:https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=696481

Yes, it's a "feature", for security. As mentioned before here is the bug discussion: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=696481

Chrome 62.0.3196.0 或更高版本中添加了支持以启用下载.

Support was added in chrome version 62.0.3196.0 or above to enable downloading.

这是一个python实现.我不得不将该命令添加到 chromedriver 命令中.我将尝试提交 PR，以便将来将其包含在库中.

Here is a python implementation. I had to add the command to the chromedriver commands. I will try to submit a PR so it is included in the library in the future.

def enable_download_in_headless_chrome(self, driver, download_dir):
    # add missing support for chrome "send_command"  to selenium webdriver
    driver.command_executor._commands["send_command"] = ("POST", '/session/$sessionId/chromium/send_command')

    params = {'cmd': 'Page.setDownloadBehavior', 'params': {'behavior': 'allow', 'downloadPath': download_dir}}
    command_result = driver.execute("send_command", params)

作为参考，这里有一个小仓库来演示如何使用它:https://github.com/shawnbutton/PythonHeadlessChrome

For reference here is a little repo to demonstrate how to use this: https://github.com/shawnbutton/PythonHeadlessChrome

update 2020-05-01 有评论说这不再有效.鉴于这个补丁现在已经有一年多了，他们很可能已经改变了底层库.

update 2020-05-01 There have been comments saying this is not working anymore. Given this patch is now over a year old it's quite possible they have changed the underlying library.

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