在创建文件时执行 bash 脚本 [英] Executing a bash script upon file creation

问题描述

我正在寻找编写一个小的 bash 脚本，以便在启动时监视任何新创建文件的目录.如果出现新文件，我希望它的存在触发第二个脚本运行.

I am looking write a small bash script to, when launched, watch a directory for any newly created files. If a new file appears, I want its presence to trigger a second script to run.

我看到这被用来触发压缩最近数字化的视频，并将其添加到摄取的镜头日志中.

I see this being used to trigger the compression recently digitized video, and add it to a log of ingested footage.

目前我的代码是这样的:

Currently my code looks like this:

#!/bin/sh

##VIDSTAT is a global variable coming from a parent script.
##proj is the ingestion directory coming from a parent script
proj=$1

dir="/home/$USER/data/movies/$proj"
dirlist=$(ls $dir)


while { $VIDSTAT -eq 1 }:
do
    for mov in $dirlist
    do
        if [ "$(( $(date +"%s") - $(stat -c "%Y" $mov) ))" -lt "5" ]
        then
        ~/bin/compressNlog.sh $mov
        fi
    done
done

有没有更简单/更干净/内存占用更少的方法来做到这一点?

Is there an easier/cleaner/less memory intensive way to do this?

编辑我将更改每个捕获会话的摄取目录.我已经相应地调整了代码

EDIT I will be changing the ingestion directory per capture session. I have adjusted the code accordingly

推荐答案

incron 怎么样?它触发文件/目录更改命令.

How about incron? It triggering Commands On File/Directory Changes.

sudo apt-get install incron

示例:

<path> <mask> <command>

其中 <path> 可以是目录(意味着该目录和/或直接在该目录中的文件(不是该目录的子目录中的文件！)被监视)或文件.

Where <path> can be a directory (meaning the directory and/or the files directly in that directory (not files in subdirectories of that directory!) are watched) or a file.

可以是以下之一:

IN_ACCESS           File was accessed (read) (*)
IN_ATTRIB           Metadata changed (permissions, timestamps, extended attributes, etc.) (*)
IN_CLOSE_WRITE      File opened for writing was closed (*)
IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE    File not opened for writing was closed (*)
IN_CREATE           File/directory created in watched directory (*)
IN_DELETE           File/directory deleted from watched directory (*)
IN_DELETE_SELF           Watched file/directory was itself deleted
IN_MODIFY           File was modified (*)
IN_MOVE_SELF        Watched file/directory was itself moved
IN_MOVED_FROM       File moved out of watched directory (*)
IN_MOVED_TO         File moved into watched directory (*)
IN_OPEN             File was opened (*)

是事件发生时应该运行的命令.在命令规范中可以使用以下通配符:

<command> is the command that should be run when the event occurs. The following wildards may be used inside the command specification:

$$   dollar sign
$@   watched filesystem path (see above)
$#   event-related file name
$%   event flags (textually)
$&   event flags (numerically)

如果你观察一个目录，那么 $@ 保存目录路径和 $# 触发事件的文件.如果您查看文件，则 $@ 保存文件的完整路径，而 $# 为空.

If you watch a directory, then $@ holds the directory path and $# the file that triggered the event. If you watch a file, then $@ holds the complete path to the file and $# is empty.

工作示例:

$sudo echo spatel > /etc/incron.allow
$sudo echo root > /etc/incron.allow

启动守护进程:

$sudo /etc/init.d/incrond start

编辑incrontab文件

$incrontab -e
/home/spatel IN_CLOSE_WRITE touch /tmp/incrontest-$#

测试一下

$touch /home/spatel/alpha

结果:

$ls -l /tmp/*alpha*
-rw-r--r-- 1 spatel spatel 0 Feb  4 12:32 /tmp/incrontest-alpha

注意: 在 Ubuntu 中，您需要在启动时激活 inotify.请在 Grub menu.lst 文件中添加以下行:

Notes: In Ubuntu you need to activate inotify at boot time. Please add following line in Grub menu.lst file:

kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.26-1-686 root=/dev/sda1 ro inotify=yes

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