Swift 可以将类/结构数据转换为字典吗? [英] Can Swift convert a class / struct data into dictionary?
问题描述
例如:
class Test {
var name: String;
var age: Int;
var height: Double;
func convertToDict() -> [String: AnyObject] { ..... }
}
let test = Test();
test.name = "Alex";
test.age = 30;
test.height = 170;
let dict = test.convertToDict();
dict 会有内容:
{"name": "Alex", "age": 30, height: 170}
这在 Swift 中可行吗?
Is this possible in Swift?
我可以访问像字典这样的类吗,例如可能使用:
And can I access a class like a dictionary, for example probably using:
test.value(forKey: "name");
或者类似的东西?
谢谢.
推荐答案
您只需将计算属性添加到您的 struct
即可返回带有您的值的 Dictionary
.请注意,Swift 本机字典类型没有任何称为 value(forKey:)
的方法.您需要将 Dictionary
转换为 NSDictionary
:
You can just add a computed property to your struct
to return a Dictionary
with your values. Note that Swift native dictionary type doesn't have any method called value(forKey:)
. You would need to cast your Dictionary
to NSDictionary
:
struct Test {
let name: String
let age: Int
let height: Double
var dictionary: [String: Any] {
return ["name": name,
"age": age,
"height": height]
}
var nsDictionary: NSDictionary {
return dictionary as NSDictionary
}
}
<小时>
您还可以按照@ColGraff 发布的链接答案中的建议扩展 Encodable
协议,使其适用于所有 Encodable
结构:
You can also extend Encodable
protocol as suggested at the linked answer posted by @ColGraff to make it universal to all Encodable
structs:
struct JSON {
static let encoder = JSONEncoder()
}
extension Encodable {
subscript(key: String) -> Any? {
return dictionary[key]
}
var dictionary: [String: Any] {
return (try? JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: JSON.encoder.encode(self))) as? [String: Any] ?? [:]
}
}
<小时>
struct Test: Codable {
let name: String
let age: Int
let height: Double
}
let test = Test(name: "Alex", age: 30, height: 170)
test["name"] // Alex
test["age"] // 30
test["height"] // 170
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