在其他两个日期之间生成一个随机日期 [英] Generate a random date between two other dates

问题描述

如何生成一个必须介于另外两个给定日期之间的随机日期?

How would I generate a random date that has to be between two other given dates?

函数的签名应该是这样的:

The function's signature should be something like this:

random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", 0.34)
                   ^                       ^          ^

            date generated has  date generated has  a random number
            to be after this    to be before this

并且会返回一个日期，例如:2/4/2008 7:20 PM

and would return a date such as: 2/4/2008 7:20 PM

推荐答案

将两个字符串都转换为时间戳(以您选择的分辨率，例如毫秒、秒、小时、天等)，从较晚的时间减去较早的时间，乘以您的随机数数字(假设它分布在 range [0, 1] 中)具有该差异，并再次添加到较早的一个.将时间戳转换回日期字符串，并且您在该范围内有一个随机时间.

Convert both strings to timestamps (in your chosen resolution, e.g. milliseconds, seconds, hours, days, whatever), subtract the earlier from the later, multiply your random number (assuming it is distributed in the range [0, 1]) with that difference, and add again to the earlier one. Convert the timestamp back to date string and you have a random time in that range.

Python 示例(输出几乎是您指定的格式，除了 0 填充 - 怪美国时间格式约定):

Python example (output is almost in the format you specified, other than 0 padding - blame the American time format conventions):

import random
import time
    
def str_time_prop(start, end, time_format, prop):
    """Get a time at a proportion of a range of two formatted times.

    start and end should be strings specifying times formatted in the
    given format (strftime-style), giving an interval [start, end].
    prop specifies how a proportion of the interval to be taken after
    start.  The returned time will be in the specified format.
    """

    stime = time.mktime(time.strptime(start, time_format))
    etime = time.mktime(time.strptime(end, time_format))

    ptime = stime + prop * (etime - stime)

    return time.strftime(time_format, time.localtime(ptime))


def random_date(start, end, prop):
    return str_time_prop(start, end, '%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p', prop)
    
print(random_date("1/1/2008 1:30 PM", "1/1/2009 4:50 AM", random.random()))

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