如何在 matplotlib 中为子图设置 xlim 和 ylim [英] How to set xlim and ylim for a subplot in matplotlib

问题描述

我想限制 matplotlib 中特定子图的 X 和 Y 轴.子图本身没有任何轴属性.例如，我只想更改第二个图的限制:

I would like to limit the X and Y axis in matplotlib for a specific subplot. The subplot figure itself doesn't have any axis property. I want for example to change only the limits for the second plot:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig=plt.subplot(131)
plt.scatter([1,2],[3,4])
fig=plt.subplot(132)
plt.scatter([10,20],[30,40])
fig=plt.subplot(133)
plt.scatter([15,23],[35,43])
plt.show()

推荐答案

你应该使用 OO 接口到 matplotlib，而不是状态机接口.几乎所有的 plt.* 函数都是瘦包装器，基本上是执行 gca().*.

You should use the OO interface to matplotlib, rather than the state machine interface. Almost all of the plt.* function are thin wrappers that basically do gca().*.

plt.subplot 返回一个axes 对象.获得对轴对象的引用后，您可以直接对其进行绘图、更改其限制等.

plt.subplot returns an axes object. Once you have a reference to the axes object you can plot directly to it, change its limits, etc.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

ax1 = plt.subplot(131)
ax1.scatter([1, 2], [3, 4])
ax1.set_xlim([0, 5])
ax1.set_ylim([0, 5])


ax2 = plt.subplot(132)
ax2.scatter([1, 2],[3, 4])
ax2.set_xlim([0, 5])
ax2.set_ylim([0, 5])

对任意数量的轴依此类推.

and so on for as many axes as you want.

或者更好的是，将其全部包裹在一个循环中:

or better, wrap it all up in a loop:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

DATA_x = ([1, 2],
          [2, 3],
          [3, 4])

DATA_y = DATA_x[::-1]

XLIMS = [[0, 10]] * 3
YLIMS = [[0, 10]] * 3

for j, (x, y, xlim, ylim) in enumerate(zip(DATA_x, DATA_y, XLIMS, YLIMS)):
    ax = plt.subplot(1, 3, j + 1)
    ax.scatter(x, y)
    ax.set_xlim(xlim)
    ax.set_ylim(ylim)

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