您如何在 Access 开发中使用版本控制? [英] How do you use version control with Access development?

问题描述

我参与更新 Access 解决方案.它有大量的 VBA、大量的查询、少量的表和一些用于数据输入和数据输入的表单.报告生成.它是 Access 的理想选择.

I'm involved with updating an Access solution. It has a good amount of VBA, a number of queries, a small amount of tables, and a few forms for data entry & report generation. It's an ideal candidate for Access.

我想对表设计、VBA、查询和表单进行更改.如何使用版本控制跟踪我的更改?(我们使用 Subversion，但这适用于任何风格)我可以将整个 mdb 粘贴在 subversion 中，但这将存储一个二进制文件，而且我无法判断我只是更改了一行 VBA 代码.

I want to make changes to the table design, the VBA, the queries, and the forms. How can I track my changes with version control? (we use Subversion, but this goes for any flavor) I can stick the entire mdb in subversion, but that will be storing a binary file, and I won't be able to tell that I just changed one line of VBA code.

我想过将 VBA 代码复制到单独的文件中，然后保存这些文件，但我发现这些代码很快与数据库中的内容不同步.

I thought about copying the VBA code to separate files, and saving those, but I could see those quickly getting out of sync with what's in the database.

推荐答案

我们用 VBScript 编写了自己的脚本，该脚本使用 Access 中未记录的 Application.SaveAsText() 导出所有代码、表单、宏和报告模块.在这里，它应该给你一些指示.(请注意:有些消息是德语的，但您可以轻松更改.)

We wrote our own script in VBScript, that uses the undocumented Application.SaveAsText() in Access to export all code, form, macro and report modules. Here it is, it should give you some pointers. (Beware: some of the messages are in german, but you can easily change that.)

总结以下各种评论:我们的项目采用 .adp 文件.为了使用 .mdb/.accdb 进行这项工作，您必须将 OpenAccessProject() 更改为 OpenCurrentDatabase().(更新为使用 OpenAccessProject() 如果看到 .adp 扩展名，否则使用 OpenCurrentDatabase().)

To summarize various comments below: Our Project assumes an .adp-file. In order to get this work with .mdb/.accdb, you have to change OpenAccessProject() to OpenCurrentDatabase(). (Updated to use OpenAccessProject() if it sees a .adp extension, else use OpenCurrentDatabase().)

分解.vbs:

' Usage:
'  CScript decompose.vbs <input file> <path>

' Converts all modules, classes, forms and macros from an Access Project file (.adp) <input file> to
' text and saves the results in separate files to <path>.  Requires Microsoft Access.
'

Option Explicit

const acForm = 2
const acModule = 5
const acMacro = 4
const acReport = 3

' BEGIN CODE
Dim fso
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

dim sADPFilename
If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 0) then
    MsgBox "Bitte den Dateinamen angeben!", vbExclamation, "Error"
    Wscript.Quit()
End if
sADPFilename = fso.GetAbsolutePathName(WScript.Arguments(0))

Dim sExportpath
If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 1) then
    sExportpath = ""
else
    sExportpath = WScript.Arguments(1)
End If


exportModulesTxt sADPFilename, sExportpath

If (Err <> 0) and (Err.Description <> NULL) Then
    MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error"
    Err.Clear
End If

Function exportModulesTxt(sADPFilename, sExportpath)
    Dim myComponent
    Dim sModuleType
    Dim sTempname
    Dim sOutstring

    dim myType, myName, myPath, sStubADPFilename
    myType = fso.GetExtensionName(sADPFilename)
    myName = fso.GetBaseName(sADPFilename)
    myPath = fso.GetParentFolderName(sADPFilename)

    If (sExportpath = "") then
        sExportpath = myPath & "Source"
    End If
    sStubADPFilename = sExportpath & myName & "_stub." & myType

    WScript.Echo "copy stub to " & sStubADPFilename & "..."
    On Error Resume Next
        fso.CreateFolder(sExportpath)
    On Error Goto 0
    fso.CopyFile sADPFilename, sStubADPFilename

    WScript.Echo "starting Access..."
    Dim oApplication
    Set oApplication = CreateObject("Access.Application")
    WScript.Echo "opening " & sStubADPFilename & " ..."
    If (Right(sStubADPFilename,4) = ".adp") Then
        oApplication.OpenAccessProject sStubADPFilename
    Else
        oApplication.OpenCurrentDatabase sStubADPFilename
    End If

    oApplication.Visible = false

    dim dctDelete
    Set dctDelete = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
    WScript.Echo "exporting..."
    Dim myObj
    For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllForms
        WScript.Echo "  " & myObj.fullname
        oApplication.SaveAsText acForm, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".form"
        oApplication.DoCmd.Close acForm, myObj.fullname
        dctDelete.Add "FO" & myObj.fullname, acForm
    Next
    For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllModules
        WScript.Echo "  " & myObj.fullname
        oApplication.SaveAsText acModule, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".bas"
        dctDelete.Add "MO" & myObj.fullname, acModule
    Next
    For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllMacros
        WScript.Echo "  " & myObj.fullname
        oApplication.SaveAsText acMacro, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".mac"
        dctDelete.Add "MA" & myObj.fullname, acMacro
    Next
    For Each myObj In oApplication.CurrentProject.AllReports
        WScript.Echo "  " & myObj.fullname
        oApplication.SaveAsText acReport, myObj.fullname, sExportpath & "" & myObj.fullname & ".report"
        dctDelete.Add "RE" & myObj.fullname, acReport
    Next

    WScript.Echo "deleting..."
    dim sObjectname
    For Each sObjectname In dctDelete
        WScript.Echo "  " & Mid(sObjectname, 3)
        oApplication.DoCmd.DeleteObject dctDelete(sObjectname), Mid(sObjectname, 3)
    Next

    oApplication.CloseCurrentDatabase
    oApplication.CompactRepair sStubADPFilename, sStubADPFilename & "_"
    oApplication.Quit

    fso.CopyFile sStubADPFilename & "_", sStubADPFilename
    fso.DeleteFile sStubADPFilename & "_"


End Function

Public Function getErr()
    Dim strError
    strError = vbCrLf & "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" & vbCrLf & _
               "From " & Err.source & ":" & vbCrLf & _
               "    Description: " & Err.Description & vbCrLf & _
               "    Code: " & Err.Number & vbCrLf
    getErr = strError
End Function

如果你需要一个可点击的命令，而不是使用命令行，用

If you need a clickable Command, instead of using the command line, create a file named "decompose.cmd" with

cscript decompose.vbs youraccessapplication.adp

默认情况下，所有导出的文件都进入 Access 应用程序的脚本"子文件夹..adp/mdb 文件也被复制到这个位置(带有stub"后缀)并去除所有导出的模块，使其非常小.

By default, all exported files go into a "Scripts" subfolder of your Access-application. The .adp/mdb file is also copied to this location (with a "stub" suffix) and stripped of all the exported modules, making it really small.

您必须使用源文件签入此存根，因为大多数访问设置和自定义菜单栏无法以任何其他方式导出.如果您确实更改了某些设置或菜单，请确保仅提交对此文件的更改.

You MUST checkin this stub with the source-files, because most access settings and custom menu-bars cannot be exported any other way. Just be sure to commit changes to this file only, if you really changed some setting or menu.

注意:如果您在应用程序中定义了任何 Autoexec-Makros，您可能需要在调用分解时按住 Shift 键以防止它执行和干扰导出！

Note: If you have any Autoexec-Makros defined in your Application, you may have to hold the Shift-key when you invoke the decompose to prevent it from executing and interfering with the export!

当然，还有反向脚本，从源"-目录构建应用程序:

Of course, there is also the reverse script, to build the Application from the "Source"-Directory:

compose.vbs:

compose.vbs:

' Usage:
'  WScript compose.vbs <file> <path>

' Converts all modules, classes, forms and macros in a directory created by "decompose.vbs"
' and composes then into an Access Project file (.adp). This overwrites any existing Modules with the
' same names without warning!!!
' Requires Microsoft Access.

Option Explicit

const acForm = 2
const acModule = 5
const acMacro = 4
const acReport = 3

Const acCmdCompileAndSaveAllModules = &H7E

' BEGIN CODE
Dim fso
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

dim sADPFilename
If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 0) then
    MsgBox "Please enter the file name!", vbExclamation, "Error"
    Wscript.Quit()
End if
sADPFilename = fso.GetAbsolutePathName(WScript.Arguments(0))

Dim sPath
If (WScript.Arguments.Count = 1) then
    sPath = ""
else
    sPath = WScript.Arguments(1)
End If


importModulesTxt sADPFilename, sPath

If (Err <> 0) and (Err.Description <> NULL) Then
    MsgBox Err.Description, vbExclamation, "Error"
    Err.Clear
End If

Function importModulesTxt(sADPFilename, sImportpath)
    Dim myComponent
    Dim sModuleType
    Dim sTempname
    Dim sOutstring

    ' Build file and pathnames
    dim myType, myName, myPath, sStubADPFilename
    myType = fso.GetExtensionName(sADPFilename)
    myName = fso.GetBaseName(sADPFilename)
    myPath = fso.GetParentFolderName(sADPFilename)

    ' if no path was given as argument, use a relative directory
    If (sImportpath = "") then
        sImportpath = myPath & "Source"
    End If
    sStubADPFilename = sImportpath & myName & "_stub." & myType

    ' check for existing file and ask to overwrite with the stub
    if (fso.FileExists(sADPFilename)) Then
        WScript.StdOut.Write sADPFilename & " exists. Overwrite? (y/n) "
        dim sInput
        sInput = WScript.StdIn.Read(1)
        if (sInput <> "y") Then
            WScript.Quit
        end if

        fso.CopyFile sADPFilename, sADPFilename & ".bak"
    end if

    fso.CopyFile sStubADPFilename, sADPFilename

    ' launch MSAccess
    WScript.Echo "starting Access..."
    Dim oApplication
    Set oApplication = CreateObject("Access.Application")
    WScript.Echo "opening " & sADPFilename & " ..."
    If (Right(sStubADPFilename,4) = ".adp") Then
        oApplication.OpenAccessProject sADPFilename
    Else
        oApplication.OpenCurrentDatabase sADPFilename
    End If
    oApplication.Visible = false

    Dim folder
    Set folder = fso.GetFolder(sImportpath)

    ' load each file from the import path into the stub
    Dim myFile, objectname, objecttype
    for each myFile in folder.Files
        objecttype = fso.GetExtensionName(myFile.Name)
        objectname = fso.GetBaseName(myFile.Name)
        WScript.Echo "  " & objectname & " (" & objecttype & ")"

        if (objecttype = "form") then
            oApplication.LoadFromText acForm, objectname, myFile.Path
        elseif (objecttype = "bas") then
            oApplication.LoadFromText acModule, objectname, myFile.Path
        elseif (objecttype = "mac") then
            oApplication.LoadFromText acMacro, objectname, myFile.Path
        elseif (objecttype = "report") then
            oApplication.LoadFromText acReport, objectname, myFile.Path
        end if

    next

    oApplication.RunCommand acCmdCompileAndSaveAllModules
    oApplication.Quit
End Function

Public Function getErr()
    Dim strError
    strError = vbCrLf & "----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" & vbCrLf & _
               "From " & Err.source & ":" & vbCrLf & _
               "    Description: " & Err.Description & vbCrLf & _
               "    Code: " & Err.Number & vbCrLf
    getErr = strError
End Function

同样，这与包含:

cscript compose.vbs youraccessapplication.adp

它会要求您确认是否覆盖当前的应用程序并首先创建备份(如果这样做).然后它收集源目录中的所有源文件并将它们重新插入存根.

It asks you to confirm overwriting your current application and first creates a backup, if you do. It then collects all source-files in the Source-Directory and re-inserts them into the stub.

玩得开心！

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