使用 Java 创建 Access 数据库文件(.mdb 或 .accdb) [英] Create an Access database file (.mdb or .accdb) using Java

问题描述

目前我有一个可以访问 .mdb 或 .accdb 的应用程序使用 JdbcOdbcDriver 添加一些数据.

Currently I have one application in which I am able to access .mdb or .accdb file with JdbcOdbcDriver to append some data.

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
        con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:MsAccessDSN");

但在这里，我需要配置系统 DSN.我们需要添加新的数据源(Microsoft Access 驱动程序)，然后需要提供 .mdb 文件的位置.只有这样上面的代码才能工作.

but in this, I need to configure System DSN. We need to add new Data Source (Microsoft Access Driver) and then need to provide location of .mdb file. Only then above code will work.

假设我想在其他系统上运行我的应用程序，那么我需要对那台计算机做同样的事情.如果我将我的应用程序提供给客户端，而他/她不知道如何配置 .mdb 文件.那么我的全部努力就白费了.因此，任何驱动程序都可以通过我的 Java 代码创建 .mdb 文件，然后将所有数据附加到 .mdb 文件表中.或者有没有其他方法，Java代码可以创建.mdb文件并能够访问这个数据库文件.

Suppose I want to run my application on other system then I need to do same thing to that computer. If I give my application to the client and he/she don't know how to configure .mdb file. Then my whole effort will waste. So any driver is available by which I create .mdb file by my Java Code and then append all the data into the table of .mdb file. Or is there any other way, where Java code can create .mdb file and able to access this database file.

我尝试了这段代码，它在不配置系统 DNS 的情况下追加数据:

I tried this code which append data without configuring System DNS:

public class TestMsAccess {

private static Connection con;
private static Statement stm;
private static String tableName = "EmpDetail";
private static int id_is = 2;
private static String name_is = "Employee1";

public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
    Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
    con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ=D:\MSAccessProject/Employee.mdb", "", "");

    stm = con.createStatement();
    // enter value into table
     String addRow = "INSERT INTO " + tableName  + " VALUES ( "
        + id_is + ", '" 
        + name_is + "')";
     stm.execute(addRow);

     if (con != null) { con.close(); }
     if (stm != null) { stm.close(); }
}

}

但问题是，此代码不会自动创建 .mdb 文件，而是在运行此代码之前创建 .mbd 文件和表时起作用.

But the problem is, this code not create .mdb file automatically but work when I create .mbd file and table before running this code.

推荐答案

Jackcess 2.x 更新:现在使用 DatabaseBuilder 创建(或打开)数据库，因此要创建一个新的数据库文件，我们做

Update for Jackcess 2.x: Databases are now created (or opened) using DatabaseBuilder, so to create a new database file we do

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database.FileFormat;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.DatabaseBuilder;

public class JackcessDemoMain {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String dbPath = "C:/Users/Public/newDb.accdb";
        // using try-with-resources is recommended to ensure that 
        //   the Database object will be closed properly
        try (Database db = DatabaseBuilder.create(FileFormat.V2010, new File(dbPath))) {
            System.out.println("The database file has been created.");
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            ioe.printStackTrace(System.err);
        }

    }

}

<小时>

Jackcess 1.x 的原始答案(已弃用):

如果您想通过java创建.mdb"文件，您可以使用Jackcess Java库，它是用于读取和写入MS Access数据库的纯Java库之一.目前支持的版本包括 2000-2007 我猜.请查看以下示例以更好地理解:

If you would like to create the ".mdb" file through java, you can use the Jackcess Java library which is one of the pure Java Library for reading from and writing to MS Access databases. Currently supporting versions include 2000-2007 I guess. Please have a look at the below example for better understanding:

1. 下载 Jackcess Java 库 (jackcess-1.2.6.jar)来自 http://jackcess.sourceforge.net/和 commons-logging-1.1.jar来自 http://commons.apache.org/logging/download_logging.cgi和 commons-lang-2.0.jar来自 http://www.findjar.com/index.x?query=commons-朗
2. 将两个 jar 文件添加到您的类路径中.
3. 尝试使用以下代码自动创建数据库:

1. Download Jackcess Java library (jackcess-1.2.6.jar) from http://jackcess.sourceforge.net/ and commons-logging-1.1.jar from http://commons.apache.org/logging/download_logging.cgi and commons-lang-2.0.jar from http://www.findjar.com/index.x?query=commons-lang
2. Add both jars to your classpath.
3. Try the below code to create a database automatically:

<小时>

package com.jackcess.lib;


import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.ColumnBuilder;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Database;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.Table;
import com.healthmarketscience.jackcess.TableBuilder;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;

/**
 *
 * @author sarath_ivan
 */
public class JackcessLibrary {

    private static Database createDatabase(String databaseName) throws IOException {
        return Database.create(new File(databaseName));
    }

    private static TableBuilder createTable(String tableName) {
        return new TableBuilder(tableName);
    }

    public static void addColumn(Database database, TableBuilder tableName, String columnName, Types sqlType) throws SQLException, IOException {
        tableName.addColumn(new ColumnBuilder(columnName).setSQLType(Types.INTEGER).toColumn()).toTable(database);
    }

    public static void startDatabaseProcess() throws IOException, SQLException {
        String databaseName = "C:/Users/compaq/Desktop/employeedb.mdb"; // Creating an MS Access database
        Database database = createDatabase(databaseName);

        String tableName = "Employee"; // Creating table
        Table table = createTable(tableName)
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Id").setSQLType(Types.INTEGER).toColumn())
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Name").setSQLType(Types.VARCHAR).toColumn())
                .addColumn(new ColumnBuilder("Emp_Employer").setSQLType(Types.VARCHAR).toColumn())
                .toTable(database);

        table.addRow(122875, "Sarath Kumar Sivan","Infosys Limited.");//Inserting values into the table
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, SQLException {
        JackcessLibrary.startDatabaseProcess();
    }
}

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