在 WCF 服务方法中使用 JSON [英] Consuming JSON in WCF service method
问题描述
在一个更大的项目中，我无法使用 WCF 服务方法来使用 JSON 参数.所以我制作了一个较小的测试用例，并且行为得到了回应.如果我调试服务，我可以在服务调用时看到参数值为空.Fiddler 确认 JSON 正在发送，JsonLint 确认它是有效的.
In a larger project I am having trouble getting a WCF service method to consume a JSON parameter. So I produced a smaller test case and the behaviour is echoed. If I debug the service I can see the parameter value is null at the service call. Fiddler confirms that the JSON is being sent and JsonLint confirms it is valid.
下面带有调试注释的代码.
Code below with annotations from debugging.
[ServiceContract]
public interface IWCFService
{
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
UriTemplate = "getstring")]
string GetString();
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
UriTemplate = "getplayer")]
//[WebGet(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
// ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
// UriTemplate = "getplayers")]
Player GetPlayer();
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
UriTemplate = "getplayers")]
List<Player> GetPlayers();
[OperationContract]
[WebInvoke(
Method = "POST",
BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped,
ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,
UriTemplate = "totalscore")]
string TotalScore(Player player);
}
...及其实现
public class WCFService : IWCFService
{
public string GetString()
{
return "hello from GetString";
}
public Player GetPlayer()
{
return new Player()
{
Name = "Simon",
Score = 1000,
Club = new Club()
{
Name = "Tigers",
Town = "Glenelg"
}
};
}
public List<Player> GetPlayers()
{
return new List<Player>()
{
new Player()
{
Name = "Simon",
Score = 1000 ,
Club=new Club()
{
Name="Tigers",
Town = "Glenelg"
}
},
new Player()
{
Name = "Fred", Score = 50,
Club=new Club()
{
Name="Blues",
Town="Sturt"
}
}
};
}
public string TotalScore(Player player)
{
return player.Score.ToString();
}
}
调用前三个方法中的任何一个都可以正常工作(但您会注意到没有参数).使用此客户端代码调用最后一个方法 (TotalScore) ...
Calling any of the first three methods works correctly (but no parameters as you'll note). Calling the last method (TotalScore) with this client code ...
function SendPlayerForTotal() {
var json = '{ "player":{"Name":"' + $("#Name").val() + '"'
+ ',"Score":"' + $("#Score").val() + '"'
+ ',"Club":"' + $("#Club").val() + '"}}';
$.ajax(
{
type: "POST",
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
url: "http://localhost/wcfservice/wcfservice.svc/json/TotalScore",
data: json,
dataType: "json",
success: function (data) { alert(data); },
error: function () { alert("Not Done"); }
});
}
... 结果...
尝试反序列化参数 http://tempuri.org/:player 时出错.InnerException 消息是期望状态 'Element'.. 遇到名称为 ''、命名空间为 '' 的 'Text'.'.
There was an error while trying to deserialize parameter http://tempuri.org/:player. The InnerException message was 'Expecting state 'Element'.. Encountered 'Text' with name '', namespace ''. '.
我尝试发送 JSON 的解包版本...
I have tried sending an unwrapped version of the JSON ...
{"Name":"Simon","Score":"100","Club":"Rigby"}
{"Name":"Simon","Score":"100","Club":"Rigby"}
但在服务中参数为空，并且没有格式化程序异常.
but at the service the parameter is null, and no formatter exceptions.
这是服务 web.config 的 system.serviceModel 分支:
This is the system.serviceModel branch of the service web.config:
<system.serviceModel>
<services>
<service name="WCFService.WCFService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFService.DefaultBehavior">
<endpoint address="json" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WCFService.IWCFService" behaviorConfiguration="jsonBehavior"/>
<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="WCFService.DefaultBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="jsonBehavior">
<webHttp/>
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
</behaviors>
这里是玩家数据契约.
[DataContract(Name = "Player")]
public class Player
{
private string _name;
private int _score;
private Club _club;
[DataMember]
public string Name { get { return _name; } set { _name = value; } }
[DataMember]
public int Score { get { return _score; } set { _score = value; } }
[DataMember]
public Club Club { get { return _club; } set { _club = value; } }
}
非常感谢任何帮助，如果需要任何其他信息，请告诉我.
Any help greatly appreciated and if any other info is required, please let me know.
非常感谢.
推荐答案
您以错误的方式对方法 TotalScore 的输入参数 player 进行编码.
You encode the input parameter player of the method TotalScore in the wrong way.
我建议您使用 json2.js 中的 JSON.stringify 函数来转换任何JavaScript 对象到 JSON.
I recommend you to use JSON.stringify function from json2.js to convert any JavaScript objects to JSON.
var myPlayer = {
Name: "Simon",
Score: 1000,
Club: {
Name: "Tigers",
Town: "Glenelg"
}
};
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "/wcfservice/wcfservice.svc/json/TotalScore",
data: JSON.stringify({player:myPlayer}), // for BodyStyle equal to
// WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped or
// WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest
// data: JSON.stringify(myPlayer), // for no BodyStyle attribute
// or WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedResponse
contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8",
dataType: "json",
success: function(data, textStatus, xhr) {
alert(data.TotalScoreResult); // for BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped
// or WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedResponse
// alert(data); // for BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest
// or for no BodyStyle attributes
},
error: function (xhr, textStatus, ex) {
alert("Not Done");
}
});
如果您将 TotalScore 方法的 BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped 属性更改为 BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest，您可以更改 alert(data).
If you change the BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Wrapped attribute of the TotalScore method to BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest you can change the alert(data.TotalScoreResult) in the success handle to alert(data).
这篇关于在 WCF 服务方法中使用 JSON的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
