我如何“findViewById"带碎片? [英] How do I "findViewById" with fragments?

问题描述

我最近将我的项目从 Eclipse 转移到了 Android Studio.我正在尝试使电子邮件功能正常工作，但是我收到了findViewById"错误.我也收到了Toast.makeText"的错误.您能否就这两个错误提供帮助.我的类中的代码如下:

I recently moved my project to Android Studio from Eclipse. I am trying to get the email functionality working, however I receive errors by "findViewById". I also receive errors by "Toast.makeText". Could you please assist on both errors. The code in my class is as follows:

package com.example.ishonours.witsbusapp;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ComplaintsFragment extends Fragment {

//I added
private EditText recipient;
private EditText subject;
private EditText body;


private OnFragmentInteractionListener mListener;
private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "5";

public static ComplaintsFragment newInstance(int menuNumber) {
    ComplaintsFragment fragment = new ComplaintsFragment();
    Bundle args = new Bundle();
    args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, menuNumber);
    fragment.setArguments(args);
    return fragment;
}

public ComplaintsFragment() {
    // Required empty public constructor
}

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    return  inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_complaints, container, false);

    //i added
    recipient = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.recipient);
    subject = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.subject);
    body = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.body);
    Button sendBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.sendEmail);
    sendBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {

        public void onClick(View view) {
            sendEmail();
            // after sending the email, clear the fields
            recipient.setText("");
            subject.setText("");
            body.setText("");
        }
    });


}

//i added
protected void sendEmail() {
    String[] recipients = {recipient.getText().toString()};
    Intent email = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND, Uri.parse("mailto:"));
    // prompts email clients only
    email.setType("message/rfc822");
    email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, recipients);
    email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject.getText().toString());
    email.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body.getText().toString());
    try {
        // the user can choose the email client
        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(email, "Choose an email client from..."));
    } catch (android.content.ActivityNotFoundException ex) {
        Toast.makeText(ComplaintsFragment.this, "No email client installed.",
               Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
    }}




public void onButtonPressed(Uri uri) {
    if (mListener != null) {
        mListener.onFragmentInteraction(uri);
    }
}

@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
    super.onAttach(activity);
    ((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(
            getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER));
}


@Override
public void onDetach() {
    super.onDetach();
    mListener = null;
}

public interface OnFragmentInteractionListener {
    // TODO: Update argument type and name
    public void onFragmentInteraction(Uri uri);
}

}

我的xml文件中的代码是:

The code in my xml file is:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

 android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
    tools:context="com.example.ishonours.witsbusapp.ComplaintsFragment">

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/text1"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:text="Complete the fields to log a complaint"
    android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

<EditText
    android:id="@+id/recipient"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:ems="10"
    android:inputType="textEmailAddress"
    android:hint="Recipient" />
<EditText
    android:id="@+id/subject"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:ems="10"
    android:hint="Subject" />
<EditText
    android:id="@+id/body"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:ems="10"
    android:hint="Message body" />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/sendEmail"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
    android:text="Compose an email" />

推荐答案

问题出在您的 onCreateView 方法中.

The problem is in your onCreateView method.

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
     // Inflate the layout for this fragment
     View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_complaints, container, false);

     //i added
     recipient = (EditText) v.findViewById(R.id.recipient);

     [...]

     return v;
}

看到区别了吗?在 Fragments 的情况下，您必须在实际的 View 对象上调用 findViewById.

See the difference? You have to call findViewById on actual View object in case of Fragments.

Toast 的问题是因为您将 wearg 对象作为第一个参数传递.您需要 Context 并且您正在传递 Fragment.Fragment 不是 Context 但幸运的是 Activity 是这样，你必须像这样构造你的 Toast:

And the problem with Toast you have is because you are passing worng object as first parameter. You need Context and you are passing Fragment. Fragment is not a Context but luckly for you Activity is so, you have to construct your Toast like this:

Toast.makeText(ComplaintsFragment.this.getActivity(), "No email client installed.",
           Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

注意 getActivity() 调用.

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