Tkinter 的 overrideredirect 阻止了 Mac 和 Linux 中的某些事件 [英] Tkinter's overrideredirect prevents certain events in Mac and Linux

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问题描述

我正在用 Python 编写一个带有 Tkinter UI 的程序.我想要一个没有标题栏的小窗口.此窗口必须接收键盘输入.无论是 Entry 小部件的形式还是仅绑定到 KeyPress，我都不挑剔.overrideredirect(True) 通常是禁用标题栏的方式.不幸的是，(除了在 Windows 中)，这似乎阻止了许多事件的接收.我写了这段代码来说明问题:

I am writing a program in Python with a Tkinter UI. I want to have a small window with no title bar. This window must receive keyboard input. I am not picky whether this is in the form of an Entry widget or just binding to KeyPress. overrideredirect(True) is typically how the title bar is disabled. Unfortunately, (except in Windows), this seems to prevent many events from being received. I wrote this code to illustrate the problem:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
import Tkinter

class AppWindow(Tkinter.Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        Tkinter.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        self.overrideredirect(True)
        self.geometry("400x25+100+300")

        titleBar = Tkinter.Frame(self)
        titleBar.pack(expand = 1, fill = Tkinter.BOTH)

        closeButton = Tkinter.Label(titleBar, text = "x")
        closeButton.pack(side = Tkinter.RIGHT)
        closeButton.bind("<Button-1>", lambda event: self.destroy())

        self.bind("<KeyPress>", lambda event: print("<KeyPress %s>" % event.char))
        self.bind("<Button-1>", lambda event: print("<Button-1>"))
        self.bind("<Enter>", lambda event: print("<Enter>"))
        self.bind("<Leave>", lambda event: print("<Leave>"))
        self.bind("<FocusIn>", lambda event: print("<FocusIn>"))
        self.bind("<FocusOut>", lambda event: print("<FocusOut>"))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = AppWindow()
    app.mainloop()

这会创建一个小窗口(没有标题栏)，它会在收到常见事件时打印它们的名称.我已经在 Windows 7、Mac OSX (El Capitan) 和 Ubuntu 14.04.1 上运行了这个脚本.我只在虚拟机 (VMWare) 中运行 Ubuntu.

This creates a little window (with no title bar) that prints the name of common events when it receives them. I have run this script on Windows 7, Mac OSX (El Capitan), and Ubuntu 14.04.1. I ran only Ubuntu in a virtual machine (VMWare).

在 Windows 中，这似乎按预期工作.可以接收我的代码测试的所有事件.

In Windows, this seems to work as expected. All events that my code tests for can be received.

在 Ubuntu 中，Tkinter 窗口接收、和 > 事件按预期进行，但从未收到、和 .事实上，即使在窗口被点击之后，最后一个具有焦点的窗口仍会继续接收按键操作.

In Ubuntu, the Tkinter window receives <Enter>, <Leave>, and <Button-1> events as expected, but <KeyPress>, <FocusIn>, and <FocusOut> are never received. In fact, even after the window has been clicked on, the last window with focus continues to receive the key presses.

在 OSX 中，Tkinter 窗口按预期接收事件，但、和从未收到.最后一个具有焦点的窗口不会像在 Ubuntu 中那样继续接收按键. 和事件的行为有点奇怪. 事件直到窗口被点击才被接收.然后，一旦事件发生，需要再次点击窗口以接收另一个事件.

In OSX, the Tkinter window receives <Button-1> events as expected, but <KeyPress>, <FocusIn>, and <FocusOut> are never received. The last window with focus does not continue to receive key presses like in Ubuntu. The <Enter> and <Leave> events behave a little oddly. The <Enter> event is not received until the window is clicked. Then, once the <Leave> event occurs, the window needs to be clicked again to receive another <Enter> event.

我也在 __init__ 函数结束之前尝试了 self.focus_force().这会导致窗口在程序启动时收到事件，但不再接收、, 或事件永远不会收到.

I have also tried self.focus_force() just before the end of the __init__ function. This causes the window to receive a <FocusIn> event when the program starts, but no further <KeyPress>, <FocusIn>, or <FocusOut> events are never received.

最终，我的问题是:有没有办法隐藏标题栏，但在 OSX 和 Linux 中继续接收键盘输入?

Ultimately, my question is this: is there any way to hide the title bar but continue to receive keyboard input in OSX and Linux?

我知道还有其他一些问题与此相同.在这三个问题中:

I am aware of some other questions dealing with this same problem. In these three questions:

接受的答案是使用 self.attributes('-fullscreen', True)，这对我不起作用，因为我想要一个小窗口，而不是全屏应用程序.

The accepted answer is to use self.attributes('-fullscreen', True), which will not work for me as I want a tiny little window, not a fullscreen application.

还有一个问题:Tkinter overrideredirect 不再接收事件绑定.这似乎与我的问题非常接近，但提供的细节较少且没有答案.

There is one other question: Tkinter overrideredirect no longer receiving event bindings. This seems very close to my question, but provided less detail and has no answer.

更新:我一直在尝试调查问题的潜在机制.我知道 Tkinter 是 Tcl/Tk 的包装器，所以我想我会尝试用 Tcl 重写我的代码.我不太了解 Tcl，但我想我设法(或多或少)翻译了我的 Python:

Update: I have been attempting to investigate the underlying mechanism of my problem. I know that Tkinter is a wrapper around Tcl/Tk, so I thought I would try rewriting my code in Tcl. I don't really know Tcl, but I think I managed to (more or less) translate my Python:

#!/usr/bin/env wish
wm overrideredirect . True
wm geometry . "400x25+100+300"
bind . <KeyPress> {puts "<KeyPress %K>"}
bind . <Button-1> {puts "<Button-1>"}
bind . <Enter> {puts "<Enter>"}
bind . <Leave> {puts "<Leave>"}
bind . <FocusIn> {puts "<FocusIn>"}
bind . <FocusOut> {puts "<FocusOut>"}

我在 Windows 和 Mac OSX 中尝试了生成的程序.在 Windows 中我收到了事件，但在 OSX 中我没有.没有 wm overrideredirect .True 行，OSX 确实收到事件.因此看起来这个问题不是 Python 的问题，而是 Tcl/Tk 的问题.

I tried the resulting program in Windows and Mac OSX. In Windows I received <KeyPress> events, but in OSX I did not. Without the wm overrideredirect . True line, OSX does receive the <KeyPress> events. Therefore it looks like this problem is not with Python, but with Tcl/Tk.

Tkinter 的 overrideredirect 阻止了 Mac 和 Linux 中的某些事件 [英] Tkinter's overrideredirect prevents certain events in Mac and Linux

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Tkinter 的 overrideredirect 阻止了 Mac 和 Linux 中的某些事件 [英] Tkinter&#39;s overrideredirect prevents certain events in Mac and Linux

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Tkinter 的 overrideredirect 阻止了 Mac 和 Linux 中的某些事件 [英] Tkinter's overrideredirect prevents certain events in Mac and Linux

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