在直接 C 程序中处理错误的任何好的习惯用法? [英] Any good idioms for error handling in straight C programs?

问题描述

重新开始一些 C 工作.

Getting back in to some C work.

我的许多函数看起来像这样:

Many of my functions look like this:

int err = do_something(arg1, arg2, arg3, &result);

意图结果由函数填充，返回值是调用的状态.

With the intent the result gets populated by the function, and the return value is the status of the call.

阴暗面是你会得到这样的天真:

The darkside is you get something naive like this:

int err = func1(...);
if (!err) {
    err = func2(...);
    if (!err) {
        err = func3(...);
    }
}
return err;

我想我可以对其进行宏处理:

I could macro it I suppose:

#define ERR(x) if (!err) { err = (x) }
int err = 0;
ERR(func1(...));
ERR(func2(...));
ERR(func3(...));
return err;

但这仅在我链接函数调用而不是做其他工作时才有效.

But that only works if I'm chaining function calls, vs doing other work.

显然，Java、C#、C++ 有异常适用于这些类型的事情.

Obviously Java, C#, C++ have exceptions that work very well for these kinds of things.

我只是好奇其他人在做什么以及其他人现在如何在他们的 C 程序中进行错误处理.

I'm just curious what other folks do and how other folks do error handling in their C programs nowadays.

推荐答案

两种典型模式:

int major_func()
{
    int err = 0;

    if (err = minor_func1()) return err;
    if (err = minor_func2()) return err;
    if (err = minor_func3()) return err;

    return 0;
}

int other_idea()
{
    int err = minor_func1();
    if (!err)
        err = minor_func2();
    if (!err)
        err = minor_func3();
    return err;            
}

void main_func()
{
    int err = major_func();
    if (err)
    {
        show_err();
        return;
    }
    happy_happy_joy_joy();

    err = other_idea();
    if (err)
    {
        show_err();
        return;
    }
    happy_happy_joy_joy();
}

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