Java 相当于产生相同输出的 JavaScript 的 encodeURIComponent 吗? [英] Java equivalent to JavaScript's encodeURIComponent that produces identical output?

问题描述

我一直在尝试各种 Java 代码，试图想出一些东西来编码包含引号、空格和异国情调"Unicode 字符的字符串，并产生与 JavaScript 的 encodeURIComponent 函数.

I've been experimenting with various bits of Java code trying to come up with something that will encode a string containing quotes, spaces and "exotic" Unicode characters and produce output that's identical to JavaScript's encodeURIComponent function.

我的酷刑测试字符串是:"A" B ± "

My torture test string is: "A" B ± "

如果我在 Firebug 中输入以下 JavaScript 语句:

If I enter the following JavaScript statement in Firebug:

encodeURIComponent('"A" B ± "');

—然后我得到:

—Then I get:

"%22A%22%20B%20%C2%B1%20%22"

这是我的小测试 Java 程序:

Here's my little test Java program:

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class EncodingTest
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
  {
    String s = ""A" B ± "";
    System.out.println("URLEncoder.encode returns "
      + URLEncoder.encode(s, "UTF-8"));

    System.out.println("getBytes returns "
      + new String(s.getBytes("UTF-8"), "ISO-8859-1"));
  }
}

—这个程序输出:

—This program outputs:

URLEncoder.encode returns %22A%22+B+%C2%B1+%22
getBytes returns "A" B ± "

关闭，但没有雪茄！使用 Java 对 UTF-8 字符串进行编码以使其产生与 JavaScript 的 encodeURIComponent 相同的输出的最佳方法是什么?

Close, but no cigar! What is the best way of encoding a UTF-8 string using Java so that it produces the same output as JavaScript's encodeURIComponent?

我正在使用 Java 1.4，很快就会迁移到 Java 5.

I'm using Java 1.4 moving to Java 5 shortly.

推荐答案

查看实现差异，我看到:

Looking at the implementation differences, I see that:

MDC on encodeURIComponent():

• 文字字符(正则表达式):[-a-zA-Z0-9._*~'()!]

关于 URLEncoder:

• 文字字符(正则表达式):[-a-zA-Z0-9._*]
• 空格符" "被转换成加号"+".

• literal characters (regex representation): [-a-zA-Z0-9._*]
• the space character " " is converted into a plus sign "+".

所以基本上，为了得到想要的结果，使用 URLEncoder.encode(s, "UTF-8") 然后做一些后处理:

So basically, to get the desired result, use URLEncoder.encode(s, "UTF-8") and then do some post-processing:

• 将所有出现的 "+" 替换为 "%20"
• 将所有出现的 "%xx" 代表任何 [~'()!] 替换回它们的文字对应部分

• replace all occurrences of "+" with "%20"
• replace all occurrences of "%xx" representing any of [~'()!] back to their literal counter-parts

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