从服务类调用活动类方法 [英] Calling activity class method from Service class

问题描述

我在 SO 中看到了很多关于此的帖子，但无法获得从服务类调用活动方法的准确和最简单的方法.广播接收器是唯一的选择吗?没有捷径 ?在Service类中准备好媒体播放器后，我只需要在Activity类中调用以下方法即可.

I have seen many posts in SO regarding this but could not get the exact and most easy way to call an activity method from service class. Is broadcast receiver only the option? No easy way out ? I just need to call the following method in Activity class after the media player is prepared in Service class .

活动类:

    public void updateProgress() {
    // set Progress bar values
    songProgressBar.setProgress(0);
    songProgressBar.setMax(100);
    // Updating progress bar
    updateProgressBar();
}

服务类:

   @Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
    Log.d(this.getClass().getName(), "BIND");
    return musicBind;
}

@Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
    return false;
}
    @Override
public void onPrepared(MediaPlayer mp) {
    try {
        mp.start();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

           // updateProgress();// Need to call the Activity method here 
  }

推荐答案

定义您的 Service 将用于传达事件的接口:

Define an interface your Service will use to communicate events:

public interface ServiceCallbacks {
    void doSomething();
} 

编写您的服务类.您的 Activity 将绑定到此服务，因此请遵循此处显示的示例.此外，我们将添加一个方法来设置ServiceCallbacks.

Write your Service class. Your Activity will bind to this service, so follow the sample shown here. In addition, we will add a method to set the ServiceCallbacks.

public class MyService extends Service {
    // Binder given to clients
    private final IBinder binder = new LocalBinder();
    // Registered callbacks
    private ServiceCallbacks serviceCallbacks;


    // Class used for the client Binder.
    public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
        MyService getService() {
            // Return this instance of MyService so clients can call public methods
            return MyService.this;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return binder;
    }

    public void setCallbacks(ServiceCallbacks callbacks) {
        serviceCallbacks = callbacks;
    }
}

按照相同的指南编写您的 Activity 类，但也要使其实现您的 ServiceCallbacks 接口.当您绑定/取消绑定服务时，您将通过调用服务上的 setCallbacks 来注册/取消注册它.

Write your Activity class following the same guide, but also make it implement your ServiceCallbacks interface. When you bind/unbind from the Service, you will register/unregister it by calling setCallbacks on the Service.

public class MyActivity extends Activity implements ServiceCallbacks {
    private MyService myService;
    private boolean bound = false;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(...);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        // bind to Service
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
        bindService(intent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        // Unbind from service
        if (bound) {
            myService.setCallbacks(null); // unregister
            unbindService(serviceConnection);
            bound = false;
        }
    }

    /** Callbacks for service binding, passed to bindService() */
    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) {
            // cast the IBinder and get MyService instance
            LocalBinder binder = (LocalBinder) service;
            myService = binder.getService();
            bound = true;
            myService.setCallbacks(MyActivity.this); // register
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
            bound = false;
        }
    };

    /* Defined by ServiceCallbacks interface */
    @Override
    public void doSomething() {
        ...
    }
}

现在，当您的服务想要与活动进行通信时，只需调用之前的接口方法之一.在您的服务中:

Now when your service wants to communicate back to the activity, just call one of the interface methods from earlier. Inside your service:

if (serviceCallbacks != null) { 
    serviceCallbacks.doSomething();
}

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