如何合并两个字典并组合公共键? [英] How to merge two dicts and combine common keys?

问题描述

我想知道是否存在任何python函数来合并两个字典并合并所有具有公共键的值.

I would like to know how if there exists any python function to merge two dictionary and combine all values that have a common key.

我找到了附加两个字典的函数，可以合并两个字典但不合并它的值.

I have found function to append two dict, to merge two dict but not to combine its values.

示例:

D1 = [{k1: v01},            {k3: v03}, {k4: v04},}],
D2 = [{k1: v11}, {k2: v12},            {k4: v14},}],

这应该是预期的结果:

D3 = [
   {k1: [v01, v11]},
   {k2: [     v12]},
   {K3: [v03     ]},
   {k4: [v04, v14]},
 ]

推荐答案

无需导入任何内容的解决方案:

# First initialize data, done correctly here.
D1 = [{'k1': 'v01'},            {'k3': 'v03'}, {'k4': 'v04'}]
D2 = [{'k1': 'v11'}, {'k2': 'v12'},            {'k4': 'v14'}]

# Get all unique keys
keys = {k for d in [*D1, *D2] for k in d}

# Initialize an empty dict
D3 = {x:[] for x in keys}

# sort to maintain order
D3 = dict(sorted(D3.items()))

#Iterate and extend
for x in [*D1, *D2]:
    for k,v in x.items():
        D3[k].append(v)

# NOTE: I do not recommend you convert a dictionary into a list of records.
# Nonetheless, here is how it would be done.
# To convert to a list
D3_list = [{k:v} for k,v in D3.items()]

print(D3_list)

# [{'k1': ['v01', 'v11']},
#  {'k2': ['v12']},
#  {'k3': ['v03']},
#  {'k4': ['v04', 'v14']}]

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