如何根据 Django 中的用户类型限制对页面的访问 [英] How to restrict access to pages based on user type in Django

问题描述

我有一个基本问题，对新的 Django 开发人员很有用.

I have a basic question which can be useful for new Django developers.

我在 Django 中创建了自己的 UserProfile.此用户配置文件有一个名为类型"的特定字段.此字段可以有两个值(直到现在可能将来会更多):男性 - M/女性 - F :

I created my own UserProfile in Django. This UserProfile has a specific field called 'type'. This field can have two values (until now maybe more in the future) : Male - M / Female - F :

from django.contrib.auth.models import User

GENDER = (
    (M, 'Male'),
    (F, 'Female'),
)

class UserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    type = models.CharField( max_length=2,
                             choices=GENDER,
                             default='F')

基本上，我希望允许访问以限制访问或根据用户类型调整页面内容.到目前为止，我使用了一种非常基本和初学者的方法，即在视图中测试用户类型，然后处理页面:

Basically, I wanted to allow access to restrict access or to adapt page content depending on user Type. Until now, I used a really basic and beginner approach which is to test user type in a view and then process the page:

def OnePage(request):
    if request.user.type == 'M':
        ....
    else if request.user.type =='F':
        ....

然后我还需要根据用户类型调整呈现的模板:男性用户不会拥有与女性用户相同的个人资料页面.

Then I also need to adapt the template rendered depending on user type: a male user will not have the same profile page that a Female User.

我确信有更好的方法可以做到这一点，但作为一个 Django 初学者，我完全迷失了 Django 的所有可能性.因此，如果您有任何最佳实践来实现这一点，请告诉我(显然我想要一个可以在每个视图上使用的 DRY 代码！)

I am sure there are better ways to do this but as a Django beginner I am quite lost with all of Django possibilities. So if you have any best practices to implement this please tell me (obviously I would like a DRY code I could use on every view!)

感谢您的帮助.

推荐答案

一种解决方案可能是根据用户类型更改基本模板名称:

One solution could be to change the base template name depending on the user type:

@render_to('some_template.html')
def some_view(request):
    base_template = 'base_%s.html' % request.user.profile.type
    # …
    return {
        'base_template': base_template,
    }

在你的模板中:

{% extends base_template %}
{% block some-block %}
…
{% endblock %}

如果您需要对每个视图都执行此操作，您可以使用中间件来设置此值.

If you need to do this on every view, you could use a middleware to set this value.

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