在 __init__ 之外定义的实例属性 attribute_name [英] Instance attribute attribute_name defined outside __init__

问题描述

我通过让它调用多个函数来拆分我的类构造函数，如下所示:

I split up my class constructor by letting it call multiple functions, like this:

class Wizard:
    def __init__(self, argv):
        self.parse_arguments(argv)
        self.wave_wand() # declaration omitted

    def parse_arguments(self, argv):
        if self.has_correct_argument_count(argv):
            self.name = argv[0]
            self.magic_ability = argv[1]
        else:
            raise InvalidArgumentsException() # declaration omitted

# ... irrelevant functions omitted

当我的解释器愉快地运行我的代码时，Pylint 有一个抱怨:​​

While my interpreter happily runs my code, Pylint has a complaint:

实例属性attribute_name定义在__init__外

粗略的谷歌搜索目前没有结果.将所有构造函数逻辑保留在 __init__ 中似乎是无组织的，关闭 Pylint 警告也似乎是 hack-ish.

A cursory Google search is currently fruitless. Keeping all constructor logic in __init__ seems unorganized, and turning off the Pylint warning also seems hack-ish.

解决此问题的/Pythonic 方法是什么?

What is a/the Pythonic way to resolve this problem?

推荐答案

此消息背后的想法是为了可读性.我们希望通过读取它的 __init__ 方法来找到一个实例可能具有的所有属性.

The idea behind this message is for the sake of readability. We expect to find all the attributes an instance may have by reading its __init__ method.

不过，您可能仍想将初始化拆分为其他方法.在这种情况下，您可以在 __init__ 中简单地将属性分配给 None(带有一些文档)，然后调用子初始化方法.

You may still want to split initialization into other methods though. In such case, you can simply assign attributes to None (with a bit of documentation) in the __init__ then call the sub-initialization methods.

这篇关于在 __init__ 之外定义的实例属性 attribute_name的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！