Lua中获取随机数的其他方法 [英] Other ways to get a random number in Lua

问题描述

我正在寻找一种替代方法来在 Lua 中获取一个介于最小和最大数之间的随机数，而不使用 math.random().有什么办法吗?它不一定是一个简单的方法.

I'm looking for an alternative way to get a random number in Lua that is between a minimum and a maximum number without using math.random(). Is there any way? It doesn't have to be a simple method.

推荐答案

就像评论中暗示的那样，在类 Unix 系统上，您可以从 /dev/random 或 /读取字节dev/urandom，并从中创建一个随机数.

Like the comments have hinted at, on Unix-like systems you can read bytes from /dev/random or /dev/urandom, and create a random number from them.

urand = assert (io.open ('/dev/urandom', 'rb'))
rand  = assert (io.open ('/dev/random', 'rb'))

function RNG (b, m, r)
  b = b or 4
  m = m or 256
  r = r or urand
  local n, s = 0, r:read (b)

  for i = 1, s:len () do
    n = m * n + s:byte (i)
  end

  return n
end

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作为这个答案的扩展，为了好玩，我编写了一个非常小的模块，randbytes，以便未来的读者可以以简单的方式使用 /dev/random 和 /dev/urandom 接口.这是一个快速运行.

---

As an extension to this answer, and for fun, I've authored a very tiny module, randbytes, so that future readers may play around with the /dev/random and /dev/urandom interfaces in a simple manner. Here's a quick run down.

使用 luarocks 安装或手动获取.

Install with luarocks or get it manually.

$ luarocks install randbytes

需要模块或文件.

$ lua
> randbytes = require 'randbytes'

然后抓取一些字节.

> print (randbytes (8))

现在，我已经清理并包含了上面显示的非常简单的生成算法，用于生成基本的随机数.

For now, I've cleaned up and included the very simple generation algorithm shown above, for generating basic random numbers.

> print (randbytes:urandom (16))

您可以在基本界面的基础上构建自己的算法.阅读文档，了解方法和设置的完整列表.

You can build on top of the basic interface to implement your own algorithms. Read the documentation for a full list of methods, and settings.

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