Spring Boot DataJpaTest 失败并显示 java.lang.IllegalStateException:Caused by: Given type must be an interface [英] Spring Boot DataJpaTest fail with java.lang.IllegalStateException:Caused by: Given type must be an interface
问题描述
准确地说取决于我有什么错误.
To be precise depends on what error I have.
如果我使用 Intellij Maven 安装，我会得到这个异常(这很奇怪，因为我有这个依赖，如果我没有错，它应该默认在 spring-starter-test 中):
If I go with Intellij Maven Install, I get this exception (which is strange because I have this dependency and it should be by default in spring-starter-test if I am not wrong):
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: ch.qos.logback.classic.turbo.TurboFilter
但是如果我直接在有问题的测试类中开始测试，我会得到这个异常:
But if I start test directly in problematic test class I get this exception:
o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@217ed35e] to prepare test instance [mypackage.DataBaseTest@279fedbd]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:125) ~[spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
...
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Given type must be an interface!
at org.springframework.util.Assert.isTrue(Assert.java:118) ~[spring-core-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
对于第一个异常(Maven->Install)，我不明白，我有那个类的 jar.
For the first exception (Maven->Install) I don't understand, I have that jar with that class.
-External Libraries
|
|
|--- Maven: ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.2.3
|---logback-classic-1.2.3.jar
|
|---turbo
|
|---TurboFilter
对于第二个例外，我无法理解 @DataJpaTest 是否创建了所有内容.我尝试使用@SpringBootTest(我认为它可能是我与自动装配的存储库一起使用的 @Service).
For the second exception, I cannot understand if @DataJpaTest creates everything. I tried with @SpringBootTest (thought it could be @Service I use with autowired repositories).
我使用的是 Spring Boot 2、jUnit5 和 Spring-boot-starter-test，没有 jUnit4.
I am using Spring Boot 2, jUnit5 with Spring-boot-starter-test with no jUnit4.
我的 pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
...
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>weblogic</groupId>
<artifactId>wljmsclient</artifactId>
<version>12.1.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Tomcat embedded container-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.oracle.jdbc</groupId>
<artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
<version>12.2.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>5.6.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>1.4.200</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
应用配置:
@Configuration
@EnableJms
@EnableJpaRepositories
@PropertySource({"classpath:some.properties"})
public class ApplicationConfig {
...
private Properties getJNDiProperties() {
final Properties jndiProps = new Properties();
jndiProps.setProperty(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "weblogic.jndi.WLInitialContextFactory");
return jndiProps;
}
@Bean
public JndiTemplate jndiTemplate() {
final JndiTemplate jndiTemplate = new JndiTemplate();
jndiTemplate.setEnvironment(getJNDiProperties());
return jndiTemplate;
}
application.properties 文件:
application.properties file:
spring.datasource.jndi-name=jdbc/myDataSource
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect
spring.jpa.show-sql=false
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false
我没有任何测试应用程序配置.
I don't have any test application configuration.
application.properties 是空的，我什么都没有，因为我认为@DataJpaTest 会为我创造一切.其他测试很好，但只有带有 @DataJpaTest 的测试类失败并出现上述异常.
application.properties is empty, I have nothing because I thought @DataJpaTest will create everything for me. Other tests are good but only test class with @DataJpaTest failed with a mentioned exception.
package myPackage;
import myPackage.repository.MyRepository;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
@DataJpaTest
public class DataBaseTest {
@Autowired
private DataSource dataSource;
@Autowired
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@Autowired
private EntityManager entityManager;
@Autowired
private MyRepository myRepository;
@Test
public void injectedComponentsAreNotNull(){
assertThat(dataSource).isNotNull();
assertThat(jdbcTemplate).isNotNull();
assertThat(entityManager).isNotNull();
assertThat(myRepository).isNotNull();
}
}
但是如果我删除@DataJpaTest 并添加@SpringBootConfiguration 和@EnableAutoConfiguration 而不是所有自动装配的对象都是空的.
But if I remove @DataJpaTest and add @SpringBootConfiguration and @EnableAutoConfiguration instead all autowired objects are null.
我不明白为什么 Spring Boot 不自动装配这些对象.
I don't understand why Spring Boot doesn't autowired these objects.
更新
因此，仅使用 @DataJpaTest 我添加了 @Import(MyRepository.class) 但我有相同的例外.
So, with just @DataJpaTest I add @Import(MyRepository.class) but I have the same exceptions.
Maven->安装
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: ch.qos.logback.classic.turbo.TurboFilter
课程就在那里！！！
IntelliJ->运行测试类
IntelliJ->Run test class
o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@217ed35e] to prepare test instance [mypackage.DataBaseTest@279fedbd]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:125) ~[spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
...
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Given type must be an interface!
at org.springframework.util.Assert.isTrue(Assert.java:118) ~[spring-core-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
更新 2
我有 ClassNotFoundException ch.qos.logback.classic.turbo.Filter 的原因是因为我有 slf4j 和 maven surefire 的问题，所以我排除了 logback:
The reason why I had ClassNotFoundException ch.qos.logback.classic.turbo.Filter was because I had the problem with slf4j and maven surefire so I exclude logback:
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${maven-surefire-plugin.version}</version>
<configuration>
<classpathDependencyExcludes>
<classpathDependencyExcludes>ch.qos.logback:logback-classic</classpathDependencyExcludes>
</classpathDependencyExcludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
我删除了这个配置，现在我有同样的异常，因为我直接从 IntelliJ 运行.
I removed this configuration and now I have the same exception as I am running directly from IntelliJ.
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Given type must be an interface!
更新 3
最后，我取得了进步.我需要的是@EnableAutoConfiguration.我以为@DataJpaTest 会为我做事，但显然，它有问题.
Finally, I make progress. What I needed was @EnableAutoConfiguration. I thought @DataJpaTest will do things for me, but obviously, it has a problem.
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLSyntaxErrorException: Schema "MYSCHEMA" not found; SQL statement:
我有这样的实体:
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
@Builder(toBuilder=true)
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@EqualsAndHashCode(of = "logId")
@Entity
@Table(name = "MY_TABLE", schema = "MYSCHEMA", catalog = "")
public class MyEntity {
我需要一个用于 TEST 的架构.
I need a schema for TEST.
我试过这个，但没有帮助:
I tried with this, but it didn't help:
@TestPropertySource(properties = "spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.default_schema=PETRA")
推荐答案
您的 @DataJpaTest 不需要 @EnableAutoConfiguration，因为注释启用了所有必需的用于测试此部分应用程序的部分:
You don't need @EnableAutoConfiguration for your @DataJpaTest, as the annotation is enabling every required part for testing this slice of the application:
// ... and some more
@BootstrapWith(DataJpaTestContextBootstrapper.class)
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@OverrideAutoConfiguration(enabled = false)
@TypeExcludeFilters(DataJpaTypeExcludeFilter.class)
@Transactional
@AutoConfigureCache
@AutoConfigureDataJpa
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase
@AutoConfigureTestEntityManager
@ImportAutoConfiguration
public @interface DataJpaTest {
}
值得一提的是，@DataJpaTest 默认情况下，Spring 将使用嵌入式内存数据库:
It's important to mention that with @DataJpaTest Spring will use an embedded in-memory database by default:
* By default, tests annotated with {@code @DataJpaTest} are transactional and roll back
* at the end of each test. They also use an embedded in-memory database (replacing any
* explicit or usually auto-configured DataSource). The
* {@link AutoConfigureTestDatabase @AutoConfigureTestDatabase} annotation can be used to
* override these settings.
这就是您看到 H2 数据库输出而不是 Oracle 的原因.默认情况下，Spring 应该使用 spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop 来确保您的表存在.
That's why you see the H2 database output and not Oracle. By default, Spring should use spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create-drop to take care that your tables are present.
当您使用 @Table(name = "MY_TABLE", schema = "MYSCHEMA", catalog = "") 对 JPA 实体内的架构进行硬编码时，您必须确保嵌入式 H2 也使用此模式.
As you hardcode the schema inside your JPA entity with @Table(name = "MY_TABLE", schema = "MYSCHEMA", catalog = "") you have to ensure that the embedded H2 also uses this schema.
首先尝试从 @Table 注释中删除 schema 并查看它是否有效.然后您可以在 application.properties 中全局配置您的架构，并使用 @TestPropertySource(properties = "spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.default_schema=PETRA") 进行测试.
First try to remove schema from the @Table annotation and see if it works. Then you can globally configure your schema inside your application.properties and use @TestPropertySource(properties = "spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.default_schema=PETRA") for your test.
以下StackOverflow 问题也可能有所帮助.
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