clojure.spec:`alt` 与 `or` 序列规范 [英] clojure.spec: `alt` vs `or` for sequence spec

问题描述

我正在关注 clojure.spec 的指南 (http://clojure.org/guides/spec).我对序列规范的 alt 和 or 之间的区别感到困惑.

I'm following clojure.spec's guide (http://clojure.org/guides/spec). I'm confused by the difference between alt and or for sequence spec.

对我而言，以下两个示例同样有效.那么两者有什么区别呢?

For me the two following examples work equally well. So what's the difference between the two?

; Use `alt`
(s/def ::config (s/* (s/cat :prop string?
                        :val (s/alt :s string? :b boolean?))))
(s/explain ::config ["-server" "foo" "-verbose" true "-user" 13])

; Use `or`
(s/def ::config (s/* (s/cat :prop string?
                        :val (s/or :s string? :b boolean?))))
(s/explain ::config ["-server" "foo" "-verbose" true "-user" 13])

推荐答案

s/alt 用于连接嵌套的正则表达式规范，其中使用 s/or 指定嵌套序列.在您的示例中，它没有任何区别，因为您没有使用嵌套的正则表达式规范.下面是一个例子:

s/alt is for concatenating nested regex specs where using s/or specifies a nested sequence. In your example it doesn't make a difference since you are not using nested regex specs. Here is an example:

(s/def ::number-regex (s/* number?))

(s/def ::or-example (s/cat :nums (s/or :numbers ::number-regex)))

(s/valid? ::or-example [1 2 3])
;;-> false
(s/valid? ::or-example [[1 2 3]])
;;-> true

如您所见，or 指定了一个嵌套序列，其中开始了新的正则表达式上下文，而 alt 指定了相反的内容:

As you can see, or specifies a nested sequence in which a new regex context is started, whereas alt specifies the opposite:

(s/def ::alt-example (s/cat :nums (s/alt :numbers ::number-regex)))

(s/valid? ::alt-example [1 2 3])
;;-> true
(s/valid? ::alt-example [[1 2 3]])
;;-> false

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