使用 BlueZ Stack 作为外围设备(广告商) [英] Use BlueZ Stack As A Peripheral (Advertiser)
问题描述
目标:使用 BlueZ 和蓝牙 4LE 加密狗创建一个外围设备，用于宣传Hello World"的蓝牙等效项.
我在哪里:我目前已经安装并下载了 BlueZ 堆栈，我可以使用 hci 工具识别和查看蓝牙适配器.我已经修改过 hciconfig Leadv，但我只是不太明白/理解发生了什么.
我认为我需要什么帮助:我需要进行下一步.如果有人可以将我指向一个好的资源，引导我完成这个或任何事情，我将不胜感激.如果我需要做额外的腿部(搜索)工作，我可以，但我已经用我能想到的这个问题的尽可能多的不同派生物搜索了谷歌和 SO.
*我也将其标记为 CoreBluetooth，希望 iOS 开发人员在某个时候对此进行了修补.
作为对评论的回应，陈述我的最终目标似乎是谨慎的.我最终想通过加密狗最简单的简单消息/信号做广告，然后在 iOS 设备(CoreBluetooth)上接收它.我已经能够让 iOS 方面运行良好(与 Linux 方面相比有大量文档)，但对我来说最困难的部分是将此适配器设置为外围设备.BlueZ 堆栈对我来说是一个可怕的谜.
经过更多的挖掘，我最终偶然发现了这篇文章:Raspberry Pi Bluetooth 4.0连接.这让我想到了 GATT 服务器这个话题，我会继续探讨这个话题.
好的，所以我对学习的追求仍在继续.在过去的几天里，我深入研究了 hci*、sdptool 和 gatttool 工具.我已经到了能够将适配器设置为广告hciconfig hci0 Leadv"的地步.此时，我可以成功地看到"适配器，但实际上我无法从中读取任何内容.我什至没有看到友好的名字.我会继续努力，但一如既往，我们非常欢迎任何帮助/建议.
相关链接，与 iOS 相关的蓝牙 LE 的完整概述.https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/NetworkingInternetWeb/Conceptual/CoreBluetooth_concepts/AboutCoreBluetooth/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40013257-CH1-SW1>
最后大家好，此链接介绍了如何使用 Raspberry Pi + BlueZ 创建 iBeacon...http://www.wadewegner.com/2014/05/create-an-ibeacon-transmitter-with-the-raspberry-pi/
插入蓝牙适配器后，运行以下命令将告诉您设备名称和状态:
$ hciconfig
输出应该是这样的:
hci0:类型:BR/EDR 总线:USBBD 地址:00:01:02:aa:bb:cc ACL MTU:1021:8 SCO MTU:64:1向下RX 字节:1000 acl:0 sco:0 事件:47 错误:0TX 字节:1072 acl:0 sco:0 命令:47 错误:0这表明被称为 hci0 的设备处于关闭状态.发出以下命令以启动它:
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 up
现在应该是这样的:
$ hciconfighci0:类型:BR/EDR 总线:USBBD 地址:00:01:02:aa:bb:cc ACL MTU:1021:8 SCO MTU:64:1跑起来RX 字节:1000 acl:0 sco:0 事件:47 错误:0TX 字节:1072 acl:0 sco:0 命令:47 错误:0接下来，执行以下示例命令来配置要发送的广告数据.
$ sudo hcitool -i hci0 cmd 0x08 0x0008 1e 02 01 1a 1a ff 4c 00 02 15 e2 c5 6d b5 df fb 48 d2 b0 60 d0 f5 a7 e 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c 02 01 1a 1a 0 0 0 0 000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00您可以更改十六进制字节(以 1e 开头)为您的广告发送不同的字节序列.一个从字面上发送HELLO WORLD"的 ASCII 代码的人将使用:48 45 4c 4c 4f 57 4f 52 4c 44(但你也必须为此添加前缀带有有效标头的消息，请参阅此处.)
现在，使用以下命令激活加密狗上的广告，这将开始发送Helo World"数据包.
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 Leadv 0
上述命令使广告服务可连接.如果您不想允许连接，请将其更改为 $ sudo hciconfig hci0 Leadv 3
您还可以使用以下命令禁用广告:
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 noleadv
Goal: Use BlueZ and an Bluetooth 4LE dongle to create a peripheral that advertises the bluetooth equivalent of "Hello World".
Where I'm At: I've currently got the BlueZ stack setup and downloaded, I can use the hci tool to recognize and see the Bluetooth dongle. I've tinkered with hciconfig leadv but I'm just not quite getting it/understanding what's going on.
What Help I Think I Need: I need to get it to the next step. If anyone can either point me towards a good resource, walk me through this, or anything, It would be much appreciated. If I need to do additional leg(search)work I can but I've scoured Google and SO with as many different derivatives of this question as I can think of.
*I tagged this as CoreBluetooth as well in hopes that maybe an iOS dev has tinkered with this at some point.
EDIT: In response to a comment, It seems prudent to state what my end goal is. I'd ultimately like to advertise via the dongle the simplest of simple messages/signals and pick that up on an iOS device (CoreBluetooth). I've been able to get the iOS side of things working well (tons of documentation compared to the Linux side of things) but that hard part for me is getting this adapter setup as a peripheral. The BlueZ stack is a terrible enigma for me.
EDIT: After more digging, I eventually stumbled upon this post: Raspberry Pi Bluetooth 4.0 Connection. This has led me toward the topic of a GATT server, I'll continue pursuing this topic.
EDIT: Alright so my quest for learning goes on. Over the past couple of days I've dived deeper into the hci*, sdptool, and gatttool tools. I've gotten to the point of being able to set the adapter to advertise, "hciconfig hci0 leadv". At this point, I can successfully "see" the adapter, but I cannot actually read anything off of it. I'm not even seeing the friendly name. I'll keep trucking on but as always, any help/suggestions are more than welcome.
EDIT: Relevant Link, solid overview of Bluetooth LE pertaining to iOS. https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/NetworkingInternetWeb/Conceptual/CoreBluetooth_concepts/AboutCoreBluetooth/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40013257-CH1-SW1
LAST EDIT: Hey all, this link covers how to create an iBeacon using a Raspberry Pi + BlueZ... http://www.wadewegner.com/2014/05/create-an-ibeacon-transmitter-with-the-raspberry-pi/
With your Bluetooth dongle plugged in, running the following command will tell you the device name and give its state:
$ hciconfig
The output should look something like this:
hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB
BD Address: 00:01:02:aa:bb:cc ACL MTU: 1021:8 SCO MTU: 64:1
DOWN
RX bytes:1000 acl:0 sco:0 events:47 errors:0
TX bytes:1072 acl:0 sco:0 commands:47 errors:0
This indicates the device is called hci0 is in a down state. Issue the following command to bring it up:
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 up
Now it should look like:
$ hciconfig
hci0: Type: BR/EDR Bus: USB
BD Address: 00:01:02:aa:bb:cc ACL MTU: 1021:8 SCO MTU: 64:1
UP RUNNING
RX bytes:1000 acl:0 sco:0 events:47 errors:0
TX bytes:1072 acl:0 sco:0 commands:47 errors:0
Next, execute the following example command to configure the advertising data to be sent.
$ sudo hcitool -i hci0 cmd 0x08 0x0008 1e 02 01 1a 1a ff 4c 00 02 15 e2 c5 6d b5 df fb 48 d2 b0 60 d0 f5 a7 10 96 e0 00 00 00 00 c5 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
You can change the hex bytes (starting with 1e) to send different byte sequences for your advertisement. One that literally sends the ASCII codes for "HELLO WORLD" would use: 48 45 4c 4c 4f 57 4f 52 4c 44 (EDIT: But you will also have to prefix this message with a valid header, see here.)
Now, use the following command to activate advertising on the dongle, this will start sending "Helo World" packets.
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 leadv 0
EDIT: the above command makes the advertised service connectable. If you don't want to allow connections, change it to $ sudo hciconfig hci0 leadv 3
You can also disable advertising using the following command:
$ sudo hciconfig hci0 noleadv
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