Grep 正则表达式不包含字符串 [英] Grep regex NOT containing string

问题描述

我将正则表达式模式列表传递给 grep 以检查系统日志文件.它们通常匹配 IP 地址和日志条目；

I am passing a list of regex patterns to grep to check against a syslog file. They are usually matching an IP address and log entry;

grep "1.2.3.4.*Has exploded" syslog.log

它只是一个模式列表，例如 1.2.3.4.*Has purge" 部分我正在通过，在一个循环中，所以我无法通过-v"例如.

It's just a list of patterns like the "1.2.3.4.*Has exploded" part I am passing, in a loop, so I can't pass "-v" for example.

我很困惑试图执行上述相反操作，并且不匹配具有特定 IP 地址和错误的行，因此！1.2.3.4.*已爆炸"将匹配除 1.2.3.4 之外的任何其他内容的 syslog 行，告诉我它已经爆炸了.我必须能够包含不匹配的 IP.

I am confused trying to do the inverse of the above, and NOT match lines with a certain IP address and error so "!1.2.3.4.*Has exploded" will match syslog lines for anything other than 1.2.3.4 telling me it has exploded. I must be able to include an IP to NOT match.

我在 StackOverflow 上看到过各种类似的帖子.然而，他们使用我似乎无法使用 grep 的正则表达式模式.任何人都可以为 grep 提供一个工作示例吗?

I have seen various similar posts on StackOverflow. However they use regex patterns that I can't seem to get to work with grep. Can anyone provide a working example for grep please?

更新:这发生在这样的脚本中；

UPDATE: This is happening in a script like this;

patterns[1]="1.2.3.4.*Has exploded"
patterns[2]="5.6.7.8.*Has died"
patterns[3]="!9.10.11.12.*Has exploded"

for i in {1..3}
do
 grep "${patterns[$i]}" logfile.log
done

推荐答案

grep 匹配，grep -v 反之.如果您需要匹配 A 但不匹配 B"，您通常使用管道:

grep matches, grep -v does the inverse. If you need to "match A but not B" you usually use pipes:

grep "${PATT}" file | grep -v "${NOTPATT}"

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