从没有唯一键的表中删除重复行 [英] Delete duplicate rows from table with no unique key

问题描述

如何删除 Postgres 9 表中的重复行，这些行在每个字段上都是完全重复的，并且没有可以用作唯一键的单个字段，所以我不能只是 GROUP BY 列并使用 NOT IN 语句.

How do I delete duplicates rows in Postgres 9 table, the rows are completely duplicates on every field AND there is no individual field that could be used as a unique key so I cant just GROUP BY columns and use a NOT IN statement.

我正在寻找单个 SQL 语句，而不是需要我创建临时表并将记录插入其中的解决方案.我知道如何做到这一点，但需要做更多的工作才能适应我的自动化流程.

I'm looking for a single SQL statement, not a solution that requires me to create temporary table and insert records into that. I know how to do that but requires more work to fit into my automated process.

表定义:

jthinksearch=> d releases_labels;
Unlogged table "discogs.releases_labels"
   Column   |  Type   | Modifiers
------------+---------+-----------
 label      | text    |
 release_id | integer |
 catno      | text    |
Indexes:
    "releases_labels_catno_idx" btree (catno)
    "releases_labels_name_idx" btree (label)
Foreign-key constraints:
    "foreign_did" FOREIGN KEY (release_id) REFERENCES release(id)

样本数据:

jthinksearch=> select * from releases_labels  where release_id=6155;
    label     | release_id |   catno
--------------+------------+------------
 Warp Records |       6155 | WAP 39 CDR
 Warp Records |       6155 | WAP 39 CDR

推荐答案

如果你有能力重写整个表，这可能是最简单的方法:

If you can afford to rewrite the whole table, this is probably the simplest approach:

WITH Deleted AS (
  DELETE FROM discogs.releases_labels
  RETURNING *
)
INSERT INTO discogs.releases_labels
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM Deleted

如果您需要专门针对重复记录，您可以使用内部 ctid 字段，该字段唯一标识一行:

If you need to specifically target the duplicated records, you can make use of the internal ctid field, which uniquely identifies a row:

DELETE FROM discogs.releases_labels
WHERE ctid NOT IN (
  SELECT MIN(ctid)
  FROM discogs.releases_labels
  GROUP BY label, release_id, catno
)

小心ctid;它随着时间的推移而变化.但是您可以依靠它在单个语句的范围内保持不变.

Be very careful with ctid; it changes over time. But you can rely on it staying the same within the scope of a single statement.

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