预处理器:将字符串连接到 __VA_ARGS__ 中的每个参数 [英] Preprocessor: Concatenate string to each argument in __VA_ARGS__

问题描述

我想将一个字符串化的宏参数附加到可变参数宏中的每个元素.我想我知道我需要什么，但我还没有想出一个可行的解决方案.给定一个可变参数宏，例如:

I'd like to append a stringified macro argument to each element in a variadic macro. I think I know what I need, but I couldn't come up with a working solution just yet. Given a variadic macro like:

#define FIELD_DECLARATION(NAME, OTHER_FIELD, ...)

FIELD_DECLARATION(First, Thing)
FIELD_DECLARATION(Second, Thing, Thing, Nothing)

我想生成:

field_First = {ThingArg};
field_Second = {ThingArg, ThingArg, NothingArg};

我想我需要的是递归地继续扩展 __VA_ARGS__ 直到它到达没有元素，并在扩展时附加 "Arg" .最后，将结果传递给另一个可变参数宏，该宏生成以逗号分隔的参数列表.

I guess what I need is to recursively keep expanding __VA_ARGS__ until it reaches no elements, and append "Arg" while doing expansion. Finally, pass the result to another variadic macro that produces a comma-separated-list of arguments.

我已经尝试过了，但它不起作用(我描述的也不是这样):

I've tried this, which wouldn't work (and it isn't what I described, either):

#define UNPACK_VA_1(A1) A1 ## Arg
#define UNPACK_VA_2(A1, A2) UNPACK_VA_1(A1), UNPACK_VA_1(A2)
#define UNPACK_VA_3(A1, A2, A3) UNPACK_VA_2(A1, A2), UNPACK_VA_1(A3)
#define UNPACK_VA_4(A1, A2, A3, A4) UNPACK_VA_2(A1, A2), UNPACK_VA_2(A3, A4)
#define UNPACK_VA(...) UNPACK_VA_4(__VA_ARGS__)

#define FOO(x, y, ...) UNPACK_VA(__VA_ARGS__)
FOO(One, Two, Three, Four, Five, Six)

虽然这在一定程度上可行，但我无法提出可扩展的解决方案.如果有人能提供一盏灯，那就太好了.

While this somewhat works, I couldn't come up with a scalable solution. It'd be great if someone could shed a light.

推荐答案

这是一种可扩展的方法.首先，一些通用的实用宏:

Here's one scalable approach. First, some general utility macros:

#define EVAL(...) __VA_ARGS__
#define VARCOUNT(...) 
   EVAL(VARCOUNT_I(__VA_ARGS__,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,))
#define VARCOUNT_I(_,_9,_8,_7,_6,_5,_4,_3,_2,X_,...) X_
#define GLUE(X,Y) GLUE_I(X,Y)
#define GLUE_I(X,Y) X##Y
#define FIRST(...) EVAL(FIRST_I(__VA_ARGS__,))
#define FIRST_I(X,...) X
#define TUPLE_TAIL(...) EVAL(TUPLE_TAIL_I(__VA_ARGS__))
#define TUPLE_TAIL_I(X,...) (__VA_ARGS__)

#define TRANSFORM(NAME_, ARGS_) (GLUE(TRANSFORM_,VARCOUNT ARGS_)(NAME_, ARGS_))
#define TRANSFORM_1(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_ ARGS_
#define TRANSFORM_2(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_1(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_3(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_2(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_4(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_3(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_5(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_4(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_6(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_5(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_7(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_6(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_8(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_7(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)
#define TRANSFORM_9(NAME_, ARGS_) NAME_(FIRST ARGS_),TRANSFORM_8(NAME_,TUPLE_TAIL ARGS_)

在语义上，VARCOUNT 对参数进行计数；GLUE 是典型的间接粘贴；FIRST 提取第一个参数；EVAL 扩展到它的参数(意图评估)，TUPLE_TAIL 返回元组的尾部(即，它丢弃第一个参数).

Semantically, VARCOUNT counts arguments; GLUE is a typical indirect paster; FIRST extracts the first argument; EVAL expands to its arguments (with intent to evaluate), and TUPLE_TAIL returns the tail of a tuple (i.e., it discards the first argument).

TRANSFORM 这里是主要思想；TRANSFORM(FOO,(X,Y,Z)) 采用元组 (X,Y,Z) 到 (FOO(X),FOO(Y),FOO(Z)).

TRANSFORM here is the main idea; TRANSFORM(FOO,(X,Y,Z)) takes a tuple (X,Y,Z) to (FOO(X),FOO(Y),FOO(Z)).

就位，这是专用代码:

#define Z_ARG(X) GLUE(X,Arg)
#define MAKE_INITIALIZER(...) { __VA_ARGS__ }
#define FIELD_DECLARATION(FNAME_, ...) 
   GLUE(field_, FNAME_) = EVAL(MAKE_INITIALIZER TRANSFORM(Z_ARG, (__VA_ARGS__)));

鉴于上述情况，这应该是可读的，但只是为了解释...... Z_ARG 将 Arg 粘贴到一个项目；MAKE_INITIALIZER 将预处理器元组转换为初始化列表；FIELD_DECLARATION 是你的宏.请注意，EVAL 包装了 MAKE_INITIALIZER/transformed 元组，因此它实际上会调用该宏.

Given the above, this should be readable, but just to explain... Z_ARG pastes Arg to an item; MAKE_INITIALIZER transforms a preprocessor tuple to an initialization list; and FIELD_DECLARATION is your macro. Note that EVAL wraps the MAKE_INITIALIZER/transformed tuple so it will actually call that macro.

注意:将 EVAL 移到顶部并在更多地方使用它，这样在 MSVC 中也可以使用.

Note: Moved EVAL to the top and used it in a few more places, such that this will work in MSVC as well.

演示，原代码

演示，当前代码

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