Kivy:滑动(Carousel & ScreenManager) [英] Kivy: Swiping (Carousel & ScreenManager)
问题描述
我在 ScreenManager 中有两个屏幕，它们都在 ScrollView 中包含许多按钮.这个想法是通过单击一个按钮向前(右)前进.并通过向后滑动来后退(左).所以我试图添加一个轮播来实现第二页上的一次滑动.这是我尝试过的:
I have two Screens in a ScreenManager that both contains a number of buttons in a ScrollView. The idea is that one steps forward (right) by clicking a button. And step back (left) by swiping back. So I am trying to add a Carousel to implement that one swipe on the second page. This is what I have tried:
self.root = ScreenManager(id = 'screen_manager')
main_screen = Screen(name = 'main_screen')
scroller = Scroller()
button_text = ['teach', 'move', 'b3', 'b4', 'b5', 'b6', 'b7', 'b8']
for text in button_text:
scroller.view.add_widget(Field(name=text, direction='left', current='teach'))
main_screen.add_widget(scroller)
self.root.add_widget(main_screen)
carousel = Carousel(direction='left', id='carousel')
teach = Screen(name = 'teach')
scroller2 = Scroller()
button_text = ['vocab', 'drills']
for text in button_text:
scroller2.view.add_widget(Field(name=text, direction='right', current='main_screen'))
carousel.add_widget(scroller2)
teach.add_widget(carousel)
self.root.add_widget(teach)
但由于我只添加了第二个屏幕，因此无法向任一方向滑动.Carousel 的 load_slide() 方法将幻灯片作为参数.假设幻灯片是指轮播.鉴于我将有很多页面，我可能需要使用 add_widget() 和 remove_widget() 动态加载 Carousel.不胜感激.
But since I have only added the second Screen, it's not possible to swipe in either direction. Carousel's load_slide() method takes a slide as argument. Assuming by slide they mean a Carousel. Given I am going to have a lot pages, I probably need the Carousel to be loaded dynamically, using add_widget() and remove_widget(). Would appreciate some pointers.
到目前为止我的代码的工作示例:http://dpaste.com/33464R2
Working example of the code I have so far: http://dpaste.com/33464R2
推荐答案
您可以使用 ScreenManager 和 Gestures 来实现.(../kivy/examples/gestures/)
You can do this by using ScreenManager and Gestures. (../kivy/examples/gestures/)
我已经在注释中解释了代码中的所有内容.
I have explained everything in the code in comments.
首先，您需要创建一个名为gesture_box.py 的新Python 文件.
First you need create a new Python file named gesture_box.py.
gesture_strings 从这里复制
gesture_strings copy from here
from kivy.gesture import GestureDatabase
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
from kivy.gesture import Gesture
[Paste gesture_strings here]
#This database can compare gestures the user makes to its stored gestures
#and tell us if the user input matches any of them.
gestures = GestureDatabase()
for name, gesture_string in gesture_strings.items():
gesture = gestures.str_to_gesture(gesture_string)
gesture.name = name
gestures.add_gesture(gesture)
class GestureBox(BoxLayout):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
for name in gesture_strings:
self.register_event_type('on_{}'.format(name))
super(GestureBox, self).__init__(**kwargs)
def on_left_to_right_line(self):
pass
#To recognize a gesture, you’ll need to start recording each individual event in the
#touch_down handler, add the data points for each call to touch_move , and then do the
#gesture calculations when all data points have been received in the touch_up handler.
def on_touch_down(self, touch):
#create an user defined variable and add the touch coordinates
touch.ud['gesture_path'] = [(touch.x, touch.y)]
super(GestureBox, self).on_touch_down(touch)
def on_touch_move(self, touch):
touch.ud['gesture_path'].append((touch.x, touch.y))
super(GestureBox, self).on_touch_move(touch)
def on_touch_up(self, touch):
if 'gesture_path' in touch.ud:
#create a gesture object
gesture = Gesture()
#add the movement coordinates
gesture.add_stroke(touch.ud['gesture_path'])
#normalize so thwu willtolerate size variations
gesture.normalize()
#minscore to be attained for a match to be true
match = gestures.find(gesture, minscore=0.3)
if match:
print("{} happened".format(match[1].name))
self.dispatch('on_{}'.format(match[1].name))
super(GestureBox, self).on_touch_up(touch)
现在创建你的 main.py 文件.
Now create your main.py file.
import gesture_box as gesture
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.boxlayout import BoxLayout
class Runner(gesture.GestureBox):
pass
class MainApp(App):
def build(self):
return Runner()
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = MainApp()
app.run()
还有你的 main.kv 文件
And your main.kv file
<Runner>:
#Handling the gesture event.
on_left_to_right_line: manager.current = 'main_screen'; manager.transition.direction = 'right'
ScreenManager:
id: manager
Screen:
name: "main_screen"
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
Label:
Button:
text: "Child 1"
on_release:
manager.current = "child1"
manager.transition.direction = 'left'
Label:
Button:
text: "Child 2"
on_release:
manager.current = "child1"
manager.transition.direction = 'left'
Label:
Screen:
name: "child1"
Label:
text: "Swipe from left to right to go to main screen (CHILD 1)"
Screen:
name: "child2"
Label:
text: "Swipe from left to right to go to main screen (CHILD 1)"
很多人问我这些手势字符串是如何生成的.
基维人在他们的例子中提供了这一点.
Kivy guys provide this in their examples.
见这里 https://github.com/kivy/kivy/blob/master/examples/gestures/gesture_board.py运行这个文件.
see here https://github.com/kivy/kivy/blob/master/examples/gestures/gesture_board.py run this file.
python 手势板.py
python gesture_board.py
它应该打开一个空白窗口.
It should open a blank window.
使用鼠标或触摸对其做出手势.
make a gesture on it using mouse or touch.
当on_touch_up事件被触发时，会在终端输出手势字符串.
When the on_touch_up event is triggered, It will output the gesture string in the terminal.
例如，right_to_left_line 的输出将是.这个
for example the output for right_to_left_line would be. this
( '手势表示:'，eNq1WMtSHEcQvM + PiIs36t3dP4CujuADHFhsACEZNmBlW3/vnOrZxyCWmYPFQQu5OdlVldXVPbp6/Pr494/N/FZ1//1lO3yePnc0XN3teLj59HT71/bTsBP8ig8dXm8 + ve5fnr9uX/GnDVffdj5cvStyk7RhF6NUwfO758en/fhYHR9rFx77fWQNO + 4RjCH8wCMsw/VvtCFhZWuspJXZfQzn3/FrHa5pE6WIca0NH00agv3z9uNFLBfx4f6i/v0krRKspZE7PnyFdKbNZYU0mykjZo3mXlZI15Ruy9Lu4ZWKSiFi9bIoLVl14RXSHI3xHQuLqyxHLZLS + iuk00ZZYaMFmqOYYAEn5hUFSRtlhY0mptZQ6mJsXpeV00Vp/7 + ypom6wkQ0dEGRpXqgtW250pom6goT1biQRWth0Ddflk4T9cxErkSNpTRG3vVcm4TUpVR2GMoUy + Jpo57ZyFZI1aCOddjbSV0CO9FRkohCpdQVoaeV2n6NuqWddmYntWIW4UwmCvtO4oLODlPn0qyYy7J4GmpnhhKer7W0VkngXZSjOjdz9EtwiBf3FZ1o6amdeYrKQJdEGmae1ob9dZQPTEGBtw0UjMIV8umqTa6mehXEJVVauHLBpDyqq1NDsZpiZUeSy +rpqrWTulqphuHfEGr4eL4cxJmbSyiaEt5ili + Ke5rqfBLHucKKbega3BqdxOlNx7Rl8TTV9SQeCFwCa3hg59ip6KRNMGSDYLhSkxWRp6fua8Q5qFoNDC/sVCq8LJ6OelkU76MHuhHaGrQxJJa73dNSb6vkrWrBNrJWYSm226J6pKdx8pSxU4nMEaIX8jPtWsmKRuAfzMm2bGmkpXGyFIeXoZmrEKaukcpJnXGhaAptw4hwXZ4wkZaGrxJHw1QMN6/NcBtaUZW0NMoqcVyCzDB9WA0jhpYdjXQ02nLNhfAnYEyBEAzmRemSdhZe0yzYobhnRcMSaEpaHi4l/Sy6uP9HcVw + MXQKegYt4ysiTz + LL8/FUb1h7uJ72KoYYHkHGC/5X16226fjlb3EeGcvZbi6xiStGxqug6E87HelDreJ2gxtHTU5Ryt1VGYKlTtKM4UqiSLoGaodtbmCdZTnXE + UY64bHaWYoSVR8rlC5oazcAZmam3ObJkZfNu085 + RYJ2QSWKM96dqBzPHSl1fJmamiNteBydmZoiZkaBOzEywUI9EwTz74ZGQucYkZVOomWpYlzJ + EzEImXUP/H1CVsDrpNCDwc5LdOqOI5p54x4/RzNx5zdoZo53tzmaqeNSMEczd3OfR2fDlNlIyeztsHSd0EzfpqWdfioaU + ZvRJcZWQCtlzU4i6HlsgZnYXRqiHcZ0hkfaGTB1D5gZPFUP2BkIVXmVeKsnR564IBm7XTaOkc06yXTLjmiWSOpc1SoozRHsxYyVevgn2T + uDHP0cxZfN4kknmKzVtSvKPz1pHMTdTmaOnom3Yv55SeqLQPKD1rKe9Qft5ImHmd7ivpvU7joDj/0Uv0XkChlfReWa4r6b3kl8cEzoTOoMuMbsW01aYBxdqH8WEOHNB + 0Eyt8860w90kGSUuMqwfQNOJMI1RvF8m6jFH + wE0bb8j2g + g6fw5oqhFPzgfto/3D/VX/6Tw3nNtbzYctiM4/zze7R + SEsN4ao0rAN4/f9u + 3D592eZXJd8sRnw65f/YvTzfff/StetwrRu8huCVAFT0PS484+V98x/WYONd')('交叉:'，-1.2199187170964643)('检查:'，-2.052277818300959)('圆圈:'，0.4973932910874005)('正方形:', 0.2907537534396739)
('gesture representation:', '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') ('cross:', -1.2199187170964643) ('check:', -2.052277818300959) ('circle:', 0.4973932910874005) ('square:', 0.2907537534396739)
就是这样，你有你的字符串:D
That's it, you have your string :D
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