Spark 2.2.0 - 如何将 DataFrame 写入/读取到 DynamoDB [英] Spark 2.2.0 - How to write/read DataFrame to DynamoDB
问题描述
我希望我的 Spark 应用程序从 DynamoDB 读取表,执行操作,然后将结果写入 DynamoDB.
I want my Spark application to read a table from DynamoDB, do stuff, then write the result in DynamoDB.
现在,我可以将 DynamoDB 中的表作为 hadoopRDD
读取到 Spark 中,并将其转换为 DataFrame.但是,我必须使用正则表达式从 AttributeValue
中提取值.有没有更好/更优雅的方式?在 AWS API 中找不到任何内容.
Right now, I can read the table from DynamoDB into Spark as a hadoopRDD
and convert it to a DataFrame. However, I had to use a regular expression to extract the value from AttributeValue
. Is there a better/more elegant way? Couldn't find anything in the AWS API.
package main.scala.util
import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession
import org.apache.spark.SparkContext
import org.apache.spark.sql.SQLContext
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
import scala.util.matching.Regex
import java.util.HashMap
import com.amazonaws.services.dynamodbv2.model.AttributeValue
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.DynamoDBItemWritable
/* Importing DynamoDBInputFormat and DynamoDBOutputFormat */
import org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.read.DynamoDBInputFormat
import org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.write.DynamoDBOutputFormat
import org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobConf
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable
object Tester {
// {S: 298905396168806365,}
def extractValue : (String => String) = (aws:String) => {
val pat_value = "\s(.*),".r
val matcher = pat_value.findFirstMatchIn(aws)
matcher match {
case Some(number) => number.group(1).toString
case None => ""
}
}
def main(args: Array[String]) {
val spark = SparkSession.builder().getOrCreate()
val sparkContext = spark.sparkContext
import spark.implicits._
// UDF to extract Value from AttributeValue
val col_extractValue = udf(extractValue)
// Configure connection to DynamoDB
var jobConf_add = new JobConf(sparkContext.hadoopConfiguration)
jobConf_add.set("dynamodb.input.tableName", "MyTable")
jobConf_add.set("dynamodb.output.tableName", "MyTable")
jobConf_add.set("mapred.output.format.class", "org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.write.DynamoDBOutputFormat")
jobConf_add.set("mapred.input.format.class", "org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.read.DynamoDBInputFormat")
// org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD[(org.apache.hadoop.io.Text, org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.DynamoDBItemWritable)]
var hadooprdd_add = sparkContext.hadoopRDD(jobConf_add, classOf[DynamoDBInputFormat], classOf[Text], classOf[DynamoDBItemWritable])
// Convert HadoopRDD to RDD
val rdd_add: RDD[(String, String)] = hadooprdd_add.map {
case (text, dbwritable) => (dbwritable.getItem().get("PIN").toString(), dbwritable.getItem().get("Address").toString())
}
// Convert RDD to DataFrame and extract Values from AttributeValue
val df_add = rdd_add.toDF()
.withColumn("PIN", col_extractValue($"_1"))
.withColumn("Address", col_extractValue($"_2"))
.select("PIN","Address")
}
}
将 DataFrame 写入 DynamoDB
stackoverflow 和其他地方的许多答案只指向 博文 和 emr-dynamodb-hadoop github.这些资源都没有真正演示如何写入 DynamoDB.
Write the DataFrame to DynamoDB
Many answers in stackoverflow and elsewhere only point to the blog post and the emr-dynamodb-hadoop github. None of those resources actually demonstrate how to write to DynamoDB.
我尝试转换我的DataFrame
到 RDD[Row]
不成功.
df_add.rdd.saveAsHadoopDataset(jobConf_add)
将此 DataFrame 写入 DynamoDB 的步骤是什么?(如果你告诉我如何控制 overwrite
与 putItem
的加分;)
What are the steps to write this DataFrame to DynamoDB? (Bonus Points if you tell me how to control overwrite
vs putItem
;)
注意:df_add
与 DynamoDB 中的 MyTable
具有相同的架构.
Note: df_add
has the same schema as MyTable
in DynamoDB.
编辑:我遵循 的建议这个答案指向 上的这篇文章使用 Spark SQL 进行 ETL:
// Format table to DynamoDB format
val output_rdd = df_add.as[(String,String)].rdd.map(a => {
var ddbMap = new HashMap[String, AttributeValue]()
// Field PIN
var PINValue = new AttributeValue() // New AttributeValue
PINValue.setS(a._1) // Set value of Attribute as String. First element of tuple
ddbMap.put("PIN", PINValue) // Add to HashMap
// Field Address
var AddValue = new AttributeValue() // New AttributeValue
AddValue.setS(a._2) // Set value of Attribute as String
ddbMap.put("Address", AddValue) // Add to HashMap
var item = new DynamoDBItemWritable()
item.setItem(ddbMap)
(new Text(""), item)
})
output_rdd.saveAsHadoopDataset(jobConf_add)
但是,现在我得到 java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
尽管遵循文档...你有有什么建议吗?
However, now I am getting java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to org.apache.hadoop.io.Text
despite following the documentation ... Do you have any suggestion ?
编辑 2:在 使用 Spark SQL 进行 ETL:
在您拥有 DataFrame 后,执行转换以获得与 DynamoDB 自定义输出格式知道如何编写的类型相匹配的 RDD.自定义输出格式需要一个包含 Text 和 DynamoDBItemWritable
类型的元组.
After you have the DataFrame, perform a transformation to have an RDD that matches the types that the DynamoDB custom output format knows how to write. The custom output format expects a tuple containing the Text and
DynamoDBItemWritable
types.
考虑到这一点,下面的代码正是 AWS 博客文章所建议的,除了我将 output_df
转换为 rdd,否则 saveAsHadoopDataset
不起作用.现在,我在线程main"scala.reflect.internal.Symbols$CyclicReference 中遇到异常:涉及对象 InterfaceAudience 的非法循环引用
.我已经走到了尽头!
Taking this into account, the code below is exactly what theAWS blog post suggest, except I cast output_df
as an rdd otherwise saveAsHadoopDataset
doesn't work. And now, I am getting Exception in thread "main" scala.reflect.internal.Symbols$CyclicReference: illegal cyclic reference involving object InterfaceAudience
. I am at the end of my rope!
// Format table to DynamoDB format
val output_df = df_add.map(a => {
var ddbMap = new HashMap[String, AttributeValue]()
// Field PIN
var PINValue = new AttributeValue() // New AttributeValue
PINValue.setS(a.get(0).toString()) // Set value of Attribute as String
ddbMap.put("PIN", PINValue) // Add to HashMap
// Field Address
var AddValue = new AttributeValue() // New AttributeValue
AddValue.setS(a.get(1).toString()) // Set value of Attribute as String
ddbMap.put("Address", AddValue) // Add to HashMap
var item = new DynamoDBItemWritable()
item.setItem(ddbMap)
(new Text(""), item)
})
output_df.rdd.saveAsHadoopDataset(jobConf_add)
推荐答案
我在关注Using Spark SQL for ETL"链接,发现同样的非法循环引用"异常.该异常的解决方案非常简单(但我花了 2 天时间才弄清楚),如下所示.关键是在dataframe的RDD上使用map函数,而不是dataframe本身.
I was following that "Using Spark SQL for ETL" link, and found the same "illegal cyclic reference" exception. The solution for that exception is quite simple (but it cost me 2 days to figure out) as below. The key point is to use map function on the RDD of the dataframe, not the dataframe itself.
val ddbConf = new JobConf(spark.sparkContext.hadoopConfiguration)
ddbConf.set("dynamodb.output.tableName", "<myTableName>")
ddbConf.set("dynamodb.throughput.write.percent", "1.5")
ddbConf.set("mapred.input.format.class", "org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.read.DynamoDBInputFormat")
ddbConf.set("mapred.output.format.class", "org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.write.DynamoDBOutputFormat")
val df_ddb = spark.read.option("header","true").parquet("<myInputFile>")
val schema_ddb = df_ddb.dtypes
var ddbInsertFormattedRDD = df_ddb.rdd.map(a => {
val ddbMap = new HashMap[String, AttributeValue]()
for (i <- 0 to schema_ddb.length - 1) {
val value = a.get(i)
if (value != null) {
val att = new AttributeValue()
att.setS(value.toString)
ddbMap.put(schema_ddb(i)._1, att)
}
}
val item = new DynamoDBItemWritable()
item.setItem(ddbMap)
(new Text(""), item)
}
)
ddbInsertFormattedRDD.saveAsHadoopDataset(ddbConf)
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