Linux打开设备时串口缓冲区不为空 [英] Linux serial port buffer not empty when opening device

问题描述

我有一个系统，我发现串行端口的异常行为是我没想到的.我以前偶尔在使用 USB 转串口适配器时看到过这种情况，但现在我在本机串口上也看到过这种情况，而且频率要高得多.

I have a system where I am seeing strange behavior with the serial ports that I don't expect. I've previously seen this on occasion with usb-to-serial adapters, but now I'm seeing it on native serial ports as well, with much greater frequency.

系统设置为运行自动化测试，并且在我没有打开端口的情况下，将首先执行一些导致从串行设备输出大量数据的任务.设备也会自行重置.仅连接 tx/rx 线.没有流量控制.

The system is set up to run automated tests and will first perform some tasks that cause a large amount of data to be outputted from the serial device while I do not have the ports open. The device will also reset itself. Only the tx/rx lines are connected. There is no flow control.

这些任务完成后，测试件打开串口并立即失败，因为它得到了意外的响应.当我重现这一点时，我发现如果我在终端程序中打开串行端口，我会看到几千字节的旧数据(似乎是在端口关闭时发送的)立即被清除.关闭此程序后，我就可以按预期运行测试了.

After these tasks complete, the testware opens the serial ports and immediately fails because it gets unexpected responses. When I reproduce this, I found that if I open the serial port in a terminal program, I see several kilobytes of old data (that appears to have been sent when the port was closed) immediately flushed out. Once I close this program, I can then run the tests as expected.

什么可能导致这种情况发生?当设备关闭时，Linux 如何处理缓冲串行端口?如果我打开一个设备，让它发送输出，然后关闭它而不读取它，这会导致同样的问题吗?

What could cause this to happen? How does Linux handle buffering the serial port when the device is closed? If I opened a device, made it send output, and then closed it without reading from it, would this cause the same problem?

推荐答案

即使没有打开Linux终端驱动程序也会缓冲输入.这可能是一个有用的功能，特别是如果速度/奇偶校验/等.设置得当.

The Linux terminal driver buffers input even if it is not opened. This can be a useful feature, especially if the speed/parity/etc. are set appropriately.

要复制较小操作系统的行为，请在端口打开后立即从端口读取所有待处理的输入:

To replicate the behavior of lesser operating systems, read all pending input from the port as soon as it is open:

...
int fd = open ("/dev/ttyS0", O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_SYNC);
if (fd < 0)
        exit (1);

set_blocking (fd, 0);   // disable reads blocked when no input ready

char buf [10000];
int n;
do {
        n = read (fd, buf, sizeof buf);
} while (n > 0);

set_blocking (fd, 1);  // enable read blocking (if desired)

...  // now there is no pending input



void set_blocking (int fd, int should_block)
{
        struct termios tty;
        memset (&tty, 0, sizeof tty);
        if (tcgetattr (fd, &tty) != 0)
        {
                error ("error %d getting term settings set_blocking", errno);
                return;
        }

        tty.c_cc[VMIN]  = should_block ? 1 : 0;
        tty.c_cc[VTIME] = should_block ? 5 : 0; // 0.5 seconds read timeout

        if (tcsetattr (fd, TCSANOW, &tty) != 0)
                error ("error setting term %sblocking", should_block ? "" : "no");
}

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