LaTeX 中的源代码高亮显示 [英] Source code highlighting in LaTeX

问题描述

我需要在 LaTeX 中突出显示源代码.listings 包似乎是大多数用例的最佳选择，对我来说，直到现在.

但是，现在我需要更大的灵活性.一般来说，我正在寻找的是一个真正的词法分析器.特别是，我需要(对于自己的语言定义)定义(并突出显示！)自己的数字样式.listings 不允许在代码中突出显示数字.但是，我需要制作这样的东西:

listings 也无法处理字符串的任意分隔符.考虑以下有效的 Ruby 代码:

s = %q!这是一个字符串.！

这里，! 几乎可以替换为 any 分隔符.

(listings 无法处理 Unicode 也很麻烦，但这是另一个问题.)

理想情况下，我正在寻找 listings 的扩展，它允许我提供更复杂的词法规则.但除此之外，我还在寻找可行的替代方案.

) Pygments 用于突出显示和推送尽可能多的功能而不会爆裂；-)

我还创建了一个 LateX 包，一旦我的 Pygments 补丁在 (包裹信息)

文档当然也包括在内.

minted 现在由 Geoffrey Poore 维护.开发版本，包括最新的 .sty 文件，可在 github.com/gpoore/minted 获得，并且可以从那里克隆.

再次感谢 Norman 激励我制作这个包.

I need to highlight source code in LaTeX. The package listings seems to be the best choice for most use-cases and for me it was, until now.

However, now I need more flexibility. Generally, what I’m looking for is a real lexer. In particular, I need (for an own language definition) to define (and highlight!) own number styles. listings does not allow highlighting numbers in code. However, I need to produce something like this:

listings also cannot cope with arbitrary delimiters for strings. Consider the following valid Ruby code:

s = %q!this is a string.!

Here, ! can be replaced by almost any delimiter.

(That listings cannot handle Unicode is also quite vexing, but that’s another issue.)

Ideally, I am looking for an extension of listings that allows me to provide more complex lexing rules. But barring that, I am also searching for viable alternatives.

Other threads have suggested using Pygments which can produce LaTeX output. There’s even a package – texments – to ease the transition.

However, this sorely lacks features. In particular, I am interested in listings-style line numbering, source code line references, and the possibility of embedding LaTeX in source code (options texcl and mathescape in listings).

As an example, here’s a source code typeset with listings which shows some of the things that a replacement should also provide:

^{_{["Sideways addition" modified from Bit Twiddling Hacks]}}

解决方案

Taking Norman’s advice to heart, I’ve hacked together a solution that used (a patched) Pygments for highlighting and pushed in as many features as possible without bursting ;-)

I’ve also created a LateX package, once my Pygments patch was released in version 1.2 …

Presenting minted

minted is a package that uses Pygments to provide top-notch syntax highlighting in LaTeX. For example, it allows the following output.

Here’s a minimal file to reproduce the above code (notice that including Unicode characters might require XeTeX)!

documentclass[a4paper]{article}
usepackage{fontspec}
usepackage{minted}

setsansfont{Calibri}
setmonofont{Consolas}

egin{document}

enewcommand{	heFancyVerbLine}{
  sffamily	extcolor[rgb]{0.5,0.5,0.5}{scriptsizearabic{FancyVerbLine}}}

egin{minted}[mathescape,
               linenos,
               numbersep=5pt,
               gobble=2,
               frame=lines,
               framesep=2mm]{csharp}
  string title = "This is a Unicode π in the sky"
  /*
  Defined as $pi=lim_{n	oinfty}frac{P_n}{d}$ where $P$ is the perimeter
  of an $n$-sided regular polygon circumscribing a
  circle of diameter $d$.
  */
  const double pi = 3.1415926535
end{minted}
end{document}

This can be typeset using the following command:

xelatex -shell-escape test.tex

(But minted also works with latex and pdflatex …)

minted.sty works similar to texments.sty but allows additional features.

How to get it

• minted is listed on CTAN (package info)

• documentation is of course included.

• minted is now maintained by Geoffrey Poore. The development version, including the latest .sty file, is available at github.com/gpoore/minted, and can be cloned from there.

Once again, thanks to Norman for motivating me to produce this package.

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