如何在 R ggplot2 Date x 轴顺序中使用这个 tall 数组的日期? [英] How to use this date of tall array in R ggplot2 Date x-axis order?
问题描述
我正在考虑如何将 tall 数组格式的字符串日期数据转换为 Date 并通过 scale_x_date 在 x 轴上通过它组织 ggplot代码>.受 Henrik 提议启发的伪代码
将字符串数据格式改为
as.Date，可能类似于ggplot的参数x = ...as.Date(time.data, format("%d.%m.%Y")在
ggplot中应用scale_x_date和date_breaks("2 day")
带有虚拟数据的代码data3
库(ggplot2")# 对于 RStudiooptions(device="pdf") # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6535927/how-do-i-prevent-rplots-pdf-from-being-generated文件名.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")pdf(文件=文件名.pdf)# 虚拟数据data3 <- 结构(列表(时间.data = c(16.7.2017"，15.7.2017"，14.7.2017"、13.7.2017"、12.7.2017"、11.7.2017"、9.7.2017"、7.7.2017"、6.7.2017"、5.7.2017"、4.7.2017"、3.7.2017"、2.7.2017"、1.7.2017"、30.6.2017"、29.6.2017"、28.6.2017"、16.7.2017"、15.7.2017"、14.7.2017"、13.7.2017"、12.7.2017"、11.7.2017"、9.7.2017"、7.7.2017"、6.7.2017"、5.7.2017"、4.7.2017"、3.7.2017"、2.7.2017"、1.7.2017"、30.6.2017"、29.6.2017"、28.6.2017"、16.7.2017"、15.7.2017"、14.7.2017"、13.7.2017"、12.7.2017"、11.7.2017"、9.7.2017"、7.7.2017"、6.7.2017"、5.7.2017"、4.7.2017"、3.7.2017"、2.7.2017"、1.7.2017"、30.6.2017"、"29.6.2017", "28.6.2017"), 变量 = 结构(c(1L, 1L, 1L,1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L,2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L,3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L，3L), .Label = c("ave_max", "ave", "lepo"), class = "factor"),值 = c(69, 75, 83, 97, 101, 73, 77, 78, 98, 79, 78, 95,70, 81, 78, 71, 72, 58, 59, 59, 58, 54, 56, 60, 60, 62, 58,56, 63, 58, 58, 63, 58, 56, 48, 51, 51, 48, 48, 48, 52, 53,52, 49, 48, 53, 50, 50, 54, 46, 47)), row.names = c(NA, -51L), .Names = c("Time.data", "variable", "value"), class = "data.frame")#相关部分代码基于Henrik的提议，#rejected 时间戳方法，其输出错误地显示了图 1 中的 x 轴标签p <- ggplot(data3, aes(x = as.Date(Time.data, format = "%d.%m.%Y"), y = value, fill = variable)) +geom_bar(stat='身份') +主题(axis.text.x = element_text(角度 = 90，hjust=1)，文本 = element_text(size=10)) +scale_x_discrete("日期") +scale_x_date(date_breaks = "2 天", date_labels = "%d.%m.%Y")打印(p)dev.off()我不明白的输出
x"的比例已经存在.为x"添加另一个比例，它将替换现有比例.图.1 基于 Henrik 提议的输出
预期输出:同样，但在 x 轴上有正确的 x-label
操作系统:Debian 9
R:3.4.0
RStudio:1.0.143
其他来源:
或者，您可以将 name 参数用于 scale_x_date():
ggplot(data3, aes(x = as.Date(Time.data, format = "%d.%m.%Y"), y = value, fill = variable)) +geom_col() +主题(axis.text.x = element_text(角度 = 90，hjust=1)，文本 = element_text(size=10)) +scale_x_date(name = "Time.date", date_breaks = "2 days", date_labels = "%d.%m.%Y")附录:保存地块
如果打算只在文件中保存一个绘图，您可以在调用 ggplot() 之后添加对 ggsave() 的调用，即，p>
ggplot(...ggsave("Rplots.pdf")而不是
options(device="pdf") # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6535927/how-do-i-prevent-rplots-pdf-from-being-generated文件名.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")pdf(文件=文件名.pdf)p <- ggplot(...打印(p)dev.off()根据help("ggsave")
ggsave() 是一个保存绘图的便捷函数.它默认为保存您显示的最后一个绘图，使用当前的大小图形设备.它还猜测图形设备的类型扩展名.
<小时>
另一个问题是文件路径的创建.而不是
filename.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")最好用
filename.pdf <- file.path(getwd(), "Rplots.pdf")它以独立于平台的方式从组件构造文件的路径.
I am thinking how to convert string Date data of tall array format to Date and organise the ggplot by it in the x-axis by scale_x_date.
Pseudocode motivated by Henrik's proposal
Change string data format to
as.Date, maybe something similar to the following inggplot's parameterx = ...as.Date(time.data, format("%d.%m.%Y")Apply
scale_x_dateinggplotwithdate_breaks("2 day")
Code with dummy data data3
library("ggplot2")
# For RStudio
options(device="pdf") # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6535927/how-do-i-prevent-rplots-pdf-from-being-generated
filename.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")
pdf(file=filename.pdf)
# Dummy data
data3 <- structure(list(Time.data = c("16.7.2017", "15.7.2017",
"14.7.2017", "13.7.2017", "12.7.2017", "11.7.2017", "9.7.2017",
"7.7.2017", "6.7.2017", "5.7.2017", "4.7.2017", "3.7.2017", "2.7.2017",
"1.7.2017", "30.6.2017", "29.6.2017", "28.6.2017", "16.7.2017",
"15.7.2017", "14.7.2017", "13.7.2017", "12.7.2017", "11.7.2017",
"9.7.2017", "7.7.2017", "6.7.2017", "5.7.2017", "4.7.2017", "3.7.2017",
"2.7.2017", "1.7.2017", "30.6.2017", "29.6.2017", "28.6.2017",
"16.7.2017", "15.7.2017", "14.7.2017", "13.7.2017", "12.7.2017",
"11.7.2017", "9.7.2017", "7.7.2017", "6.7.2017", "5.7.2017",
"4.7.2017", "3.7.2017", "2.7.2017", "1.7.2017", "30.6.2017",
"29.6.2017", "28.6.2017"), variable = structure(c(1L, 1L, 1L,
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L,
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L,
3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L
), .Label = c("ave_max", "ave", "lepo"), class = "factor"),
value = c(69, 75, 83, 97, 101, 73, 77, 78, 98, 79, 78, 95,
70, 81, 78, 71, 72, 58, 59, 59, 58, 54, 56, 60, 60, 62, 58,
56, 63, 58, 58, 63, 58, 56, 48, 51, 51, 48, 48, 48, 52, 53,
52, 49, 48, 53, 50, 50, 54, 46, 47)), row.names = c(NA, -51L
), .Names = c("Time.data", "variable", "value"), class = "data.frame")
#Relevant part of the code based on Henrik's proposal,
#rejected timestamp approach which output has wrongly shown x-axis label in Fig. 1
p <- ggplot(data3, aes(x = as.Date(Time.data, format = "%d.%m.%Y"), y = value, fill = variable)) +
geom_bar(stat='identity') +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust=1),
text = element_text(size=10)) +
scale_x_discrete("Date") +
scale_x_date(date_breaks = "2 days", date_labels = "%d.%m.%Y")
print(p)
dev.off()
Output which I do not understand
Scale for 'x' is already present. Adding another scale for 'x', which will replace the existing scale.
Fig. 1 Output based on Henrik's proposal
Expected output: as such but with correct x-label there on the x-axis
OS: Debian 9
R: 3.4.0
RStudio: 1.0.143
Other sources: Date format for subset of ticks on time axis, scale_datetime shifts x axis, Time series plot gets offset by 2 hours if scale_x_datetime is used
You have specified two different scales for the x axis, a discrete scale and a continuous date scale, presumably in an attempt to rename the label on the x axis. For this, xlab() can be used:
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data3, aes(x = as.Date(Time.data, format = "%d.%m.%Y"), y = value, fill = variable)) +
# use new geom_col() instead of geom_bar(stat = "identity")
# see http://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/articles/releases/ggplot2-2.2.0.html#stacking-bars
geom_col() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust=1),
text = element_text(size=10)) +
# specify label for x axis
xlab("Time.date") +
scale_x_date(date_breaks = "2 days", date_labels = "%d.%m.%Y")
Alternatively, you can use the name parameter to scale_x_date():
ggplot(data3, aes(x = as.Date(Time.data, format = "%d.%m.%Y"), y = value, fill = variable)) +
geom_col() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust=1),
text = element_text(size=10)) +
scale_x_date(name = "Time.date", date_breaks = "2 days", date_labels = "%d.%m.%Y")
Addendum: Saving plots
If the intention is to save just one plot in a file you can add a call to ggsave() after the call to ggplot(), i.e.,
ggplot(...
ggsave("Rplots.pdf")
instead of
options(device="pdf") # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6535927/how-do-i-prevent-rplots-pdf-from-being-generated
filename.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")
pdf(file=filename.pdf)
p <- ggplot(...
print(p)
dev.off()
According to help("ggsave")
ggsave()is a convenient function for saving a plot. It defaults to saving the last plot that you displayed, using the size of the current graphics device. It also guesses the type of graphics device from the extension.
Another issue is the creation of the file path. Instead of
filename.pdf <- paste0(getwd(), "/", "Rplots", ".pdf", sep = "")
it is better to use
filename.pdf <- file.path(getwd(), "Rplots.pdf")
which constructs the path to a file from components in a platform-independent way.
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