“超级"在 Python 中做了什么?- super().__init__() 和显式超类 __init__() 之间的区别 [英] What does 'super' do in Python? - difference between super().__init__() and explicit superclass __init__()

问题描述

两者有什么区别:

class Child(SomeBaseClass):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Child, self).__init__()

和:

class Child(SomeBaseClass):
    def __init__(self):
        SomeBaseClass.__init__(self)

我已经看到 super 在只有单一继承的类中被大量使用.我可以理解您为什么要在多重继承中使用它，但不清楚在这种情况下使用它有什么优势.

I've seen super being used quite a lot in classes with only single inheritance. I can see why you'd use it in multiple inheritance but am unclear as to what the advantages are of using it in this kind of situation.

推荐答案

super() 在单继承中的好处是微乎其微的——大多数情况下，您不必对将基类的名称添加到使用其父方法的每个方法中.

The benefits of super() in single-inheritance are minimal -- mostly, you don't have to hard-code the name of the base class into every method that uses its parent methods.

但是，如果没有 super()，几乎不可能使用多重继承.这包括常见的习惯用法，如 mixins、接口、抽象类等.这会扩展到以后扩展您的代码.如果后来有人想编写一个扩展 Child 和 mixin 的类，他们的代码将无法正常工作.

However, it's almost impossible to use multiple-inheritance without super(). This includes common idioms like mixins, interfaces, abstract classes, etc. This extends to code that later extends yours. If somebody later wanted to write a class that extended Child and a mixin, their code would not work properly.

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