GeoPandas中的过度功能不起作用 [英] Overly Function from GeoPandas Not Working
问题描述
我只想使用geopandas
获得两个多边形区域的并集和交集。我定义:
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
polys1 = gpd.GeoSeries([Polygon([(0,0), (2,0), (2,2), (0,2)]),
Polygon([(2,2), (4,2), (4,4), (2,4)])])
polys2 = gpd.GeoSeries([Polygon([(1,1), (3,1), (3,3), (1,3)]),
Polygon([(3,3), (5,3), (5,5), (3,5)])])
df1 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': polys1, 'df1':[1,2]})
df2 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': polys2, 'df2':[1,2]})
我尝试执行以下操作以获取union
:
res_union = gpd.overlay(df1, df2, how='union')
失败,并显示以下错误:
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'intersection'
我正在按照说明here操作。
推荐答案
尽管我不知道OP的操作系统,但我认为我知道如何解决这个问题,至少对于GNU/LINUX系统是这样(我无法在其他系统上测试)。
直接解释
要使用overlay
函数,您需要的不仅仅是安装geopandas
,还需要安装rtree
,但rtree
是C库libspatialindex的包装器。因此,要使用rtree
库,您需要安装libspatialindex
C库。
安装libspatialindex
打开终端类型:
sudo apt-get update && apt-get install -y libspatialindex-dev
注意:实际上您只需要sudo apt-get install libspatialindex-dev
,但更新系统是很好的做法,并且-y标志只是为了不停止安装过程来请求是否继续安装。
现在它应该可以解决您的问题。注意:请确保您的系统中已安装rtree
,您可以使用pip3 freeze
(我假设您使用python3
)。
详细说明
我遇到了同样的错误,并花费了大量时间来找出问题所在。这个问题的答案libspatialindex and Rtree on python给了我一个如何解决这个问题的提示。
考虑以下代码(OP的代码示例)并将存储命名为script.py
:
import geopandas as gpd
from shapely.geometry import Polygon
polys1 = gpd.GeoSeries([Polygon([(0,0), (2,0), (2,2), (0,2)]),
Polygon([(2,2), (4,2), (4,4), (2,4)])])
polys2 = gpd.GeoSeries([Polygon([(1,1), (3,1), (3,3), (1,3)]),
Polygon([(3,3), (5,3), (5,5), (3,5)])])
df1 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': polys1, 'df1':[1,2]})
df2 = gpd.GeoDataFrame({'geometry': polys2, 'df2':[1,2]})
res_union = gpd.overlay(df1, df2, how='union')
考虑以下requirements.txt
:
Shapely==1.6.4.post2
descartes==1.1.0
geopandas==0.4.0
matplotlib==3.0.2
如果尝试只安装requirements.txt
中的库并运行scrip.py
,而不按照requirements.txt
安装rtree
库,则会显示以下错误消息:
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/base.py:76: UserWarning: Cannot generate spatial index: Missing package `rtree`.
warn("Cannot generate spatial index: Missing package `rtree`.")
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "script.py", line 17, in <module>
res_union = gpd.overlay(df1, df2, how='union')
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/tools/overlay.py", line 371, in overlay
result = _overlay_union(df1, df2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/tools/overlay.py", line 298, in _overlay_union
dfinter = _overlay_intersection(df1, df2)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/tools/overlay.py", line 212, in _overlay_intersection
sidx = bbox.apply(lambda x: list(spatial_index.intersection(x)))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pandas/core/series.py", line 3194, in apply
mapped = lib.map_infer(values, f, convert=convert_dtype)
File "pandas/_libs/src/inference.pyx", line 1472, in pandas._libs.lib.map_infer
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/tools/overlay.py", line 212, in <lambda>
sidx = bbox.apply(lambda x: list(spatial_index.intersection(x)))
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'intersection'
错误消息的最后一行
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'intersection'
没有那么有用。但如果您看第一行:
/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/base.py:76: UserWarning: Cannot generate spatial index: Missing package
rtree.
它抱怨rtree
库。
所以让我们安装rtree
,看看会发生什么。requirements.txt
现在更新为:
Shapely==1.6.4.post2
descartes==1.1.0
geopandas==0.4.0
matplotlib==3.0.2
rtree==0.8.3
再次运行script.py
我收到以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "script.py", line 3, in <module>
import geopandas as gpd
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from geopandas.geoseries import GeoSeries
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/geoseries.py", line 12, in <module>
from geopandas.base import GeoPandasBase, _series_unary_op, _CoordinateIndexer
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/geopandas/base.py", line 14, in <module>
from rtree.core import RTreeError
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rtree/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from .index import Rtree
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rtree/index.py", line 5, in <module>
from . import core
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/rtree/core.py", line 125, in <module>
raise OSError("Could not find libspatialindex_c library file")
OSError: Could not find libspatialindex_c library file
最后一行抱怨libspatialindex_c
,所以正如我在答案的第一部分所解释的,直接解释,只需运行下面的代码安装libspatialindex
,script.py
应该可以工作。
sudo apt-get update && apt-get install -y libspatialindex-dev
至少对我来说,问题解决了。
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