查找哪个驱动器对应于哪个Linux的USB大容量存储设备 [英] Find which drive corresponds to which USB mass storage device in Linux

问题描述

我有连接到Ubuntu Linux操作系统的电脑（Ubuntu的10.04.1，内核2.6.32-25-386）几个USB大容量存储闪存驱动器，我需要告诉他们除了编程（从庆典如果可能的话，但我不怕编译任） - 我需要找到哪些块设备对应于物理的设备（例如的/ dev / SDB1 - >设备USB端口1;在我的情况下，一台设备〜一个卷）。

I have several USB mass storage flash drives connected to a Ubuntu Linux computer (Ubuntu 10.04.1, kernel 2.6.32-25-386), and I need to tell them apart programatically (from bash if possible, but I'm not afraid of compiling either) - I need to find which block device corresponds to which physical device (e.g. /dev/sdb1 -> device in USB port 1; in my case, one device ~ one volume).

在换句话说，我知道我有插入USB端口三种硬件设备;在系统作为一个USB大容量存储设备（如见过的lsusb）他们每个人的出现，作为一个块设备创建（的/ dev / SDB1 ）和UUID挂载（ /媒体/ 1234-5678 ）。

In other words, I know that I have three hardware devices plugged into USB ports; each of them shows up in the system as a USB mass storage device (as seen with lsusb), is created as a block device (/dev/sdb1) and automounted by UUID (/media/1234-5678).

USB device               block device    mountpoint
USB device in port 2.2 <-> /dev/sdb1   <-> /media/1234-5678

我的不的试图找到块设备和挂载点之间的关系; 我试图找到块设备和USB设备之间的关系，有没有办法？

I'm not trying to find the relationship between block device and mountpoint; I'm trying to find the relationship between block device and USB device, is there a way?

为什么呢？将有在磁盘上写一些与完成未​​predictable时间。我需要给经营者一些提示，如你现在可以删除端口2盘（这是左二）。我发现哪个物理端口对应特定的机器上的端口号，并从发现的挂载点块设备简单;现在我被困映射逻辑USB端口块设备。

Why? There will be some writes on the disks, with unpredictable time of completion. I need to give the operator some indication like "you can now remove the disk in port 2 (which is second from the left)". I have found which physical port corresponds to which port number on that specific machine, and finding block devices from mountpoints is simple; now I'm stuck mapping the logical USB ports to block devices.

我可以看到的的lsusb磁盘：

I can see the disks with lsusb :

Bus 001 Device 058: ID 067b:2517 Prolific Technology, Inc. Mass Storage Device
Bus 001 Device 060: ID 067b:2517 Prolific Technology, Inc. Mass Storage Device
Bus 001 Device 061: ID 067b:2517 Prolific Technology, Inc. Mass Storage Device

和我可以看到他们安装（其UUID）：

and I can see them mounted (by their UUID):

/dev/sdb1 on /media/BC88-15C4 type vfat
/dev/sdc1 on /media/AE54-65AA type vfat
/dev/sdd1 on /media/58D2-FED1 type vfat

现在，所有的驱动器都来自同一厂家同一型号，所以我不能区分他们，我不能保证他们会以特定的顺序被插入。

Now, all the drives are the same model from the same manufacturer, so I can't distinguish them by that, and I can't guarantee they'll be plugged in a particular order.

我已经找到 / SYS /巴士/ USB /设备（USB设备的列表），但它似乎是我从的lsusb获得相同的数据 - 我没有看到一个映射磁盘那里。

I have found /sys/bus/usb/devices (a list of USB devices), but it seems to be the same data that I get from lsusb - I don't see a mapping to disks there.

还有 / SYS /块/ SDB 和 / SYS /块/ SDB / SDB1 （块设备和它的第一个分区;同样，对于 SDC 和 SDD ），但同样，我没有看到映射设备

There's also /sys/block/sdb and /sys/block/sdb/sdb1 (the block device and its first partition; similarly for sdc and sdd), but again, I see no mapping to devices.

推荐答案

我不知道在内核版本这是实现的，但 / SYS /块/ * 项是符号链接到设备。

I'm not sure in which kernel version this was implemented, but the /sys/block/* entries are symlinks to the devices.

在换句话说， / SYS /块/ SDB 符号链接到不同的目录，它的名字包含了USB设备ID。

In other words, /sys/block/sdb symlinks to a different directory, and its name contains the USB device ID.

$ file /sys/block/sdb
/sys/block/sdb: symbolic link to `../devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.1/1-1.1:1.0/host31/target31:0:0/31:0:0:0/block/sdb'
                                                  USB version and port here---^^^^^

的 1-1.1 是最有趣的部分，表示 USB1端口1.device 1 。当插入到集线器，另一个层面增加： 1-2.3.1 ，表示 USB1端口2.port 3.device 1 。

The 1-1.1 is the interesting part, denoting usb1-port 1.device 1. When plugged into a hub, another level is added: 1-2.3.1, denoting usb1-port 2.port 3.device 1.

伪code：

get partition name # e.g. /dev/sdb1
get disk name # that would be /dev/sdb
get your basename # sdb
see where /sys/block/$your_basename points to # e.g. ../devices/blah/blah/1-2.1/blah
get the longest substring matching "\d-\d+(.\d+)*"  # e.g. 1-2.1
that is the device id you want
/sys/bus/usb/devices/$device_id/ has all kinds of information about it
the ID corresponds to hardware USB ports

工作示例脚本在bash 。

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