执行python程序 [英] Executing python program

问题描述

我一直在寻找答案的网站现在有一段时间了，但是这让我真的很头疼：

我使用Ubuntu 12.04，我想执行从终端的Python脚本，而不使用完整路径。
所以我加的/ home / kyril /蟒蛇/脚本/通过把以下内容./bashrc到PATH变量：

<$p$p><$c$c>kyrilpathvariable=\"/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/kyril/Python/scripts/:/home/kyril/Bash/scripts\"如果[$ kyrilpathvariable=$ PATH];然后
    已经出口回声路径其他PATH = $ PATH：/家庭/ kyril / Python的/脚本/
PATH = $ PATH：/家庭/ kyril /猛砸/脚本/
导出路径科幻

（我知道if子句是没有必要的，但我不喜欢什么都有两次在我的道路，如果我键入EXEC的bash）。

现在的问题：这完全适用于我的bash脚本，所以让他们通过执行后搭配chmod我可以只输入 $ script.sh ，它是执行。但是如果我输入 $ python3 script.py 以下引发错误： python3：无法打开文件'script.py'：[错误2 ]没有这样的文件或目录

如果我的完整路径脚本类型它的作品。任何人有一个想法，我做错了什么？我必须在目录添加到PYTHONPATH？ （当我明白这不仅有利于进口模块）。

谢谢你们！

解决方案

在调用 python3 直接，蟒蛇运行你告诉它的脚本文件，而无需使用 $ PATH 找到它。 PYTHONPATH 无关 - 这是用于搜索Python模块

我猜您遇到当您通过自身运行 script.py 获取调用错误间preTER问题。我不知道你的脚本的第一行是什么，但它应该是这样的：

 ＃！的/ usr / bin中/ env的python3
 

或者，如果你需要更精细的控制：

 ＃！的/ usr / bin中/ env的python3.2
 

和Python的脚本，2

 ＃！的/ usr / bin中/ env的python2
 

或者

 ＃！的/ usr / bin中/ env的python2.7
 

您应该检查你的系统中存在这些可执行文件试图使用它们之前。

I have been searching the web for an answer now for quite a while, but this is giving me really headache:

I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and I want to execute a Python script from the terminal without using the full path. So i added /home/kyril/python/scripts/ to the PATH variable through putting the following into ./bashrc:

kyrilpathvariable="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/home/kyril/Python/scripts/:/home/kyril/Bash/scripts"

if [ "$kyrilpathvariable" = "$PATH" ]; then
    echo PATH already exported

else

PATH=$PATH:/home/kyril/Python/scripts/
PATH=$PATH:/home/kyril/Bash/scripts/
export PATH

fi

(I know the if clause is not necessary but I did not like to have everything two times in my PATH if I type exec bash.)

Now the problem: this perfectly works for my Bash scripts, so after making them executable via chmod I can just type $ script.sh and it is executed. However if I type $ python3 script.py the following error is raised: python3: can't open file 'script.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

if I type in the full path to the script it works. Anybody has an idea what I am doing wrong? Do I have to add the directory to the PYTHONPATH? (As I understood this only helps for importing modules).

Thanks guys!

解决方案

When invoking python3 directly, python runs the script file you told it to, without using $PATH to find it. PYTHONPATH is irrelevant--that's used for searching for Python modules.

I'm guessing you're having issues with the wrong interpreter getting invoked when you run script.py by itself. I don't know what the first line of your script is, but it should be this:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

Or if you need even finer control:

#!/usr/bin/env python3.2

And for Python 2 scripts:

#!/usr/bin/env python2

Or:

#!/usr/bin/env python2.7

You should check that these executables exist on your system before trying to use them.

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