我怎么能直接执行python脚本（不通过python命令prefixing）的庆典？ [英] How can I execute a python script directly (without prefixing by the python command) from bash?

问题描述

我刚开始使用终端我的编程需求。在很多Django的教程，我看到有人说，例如，我应该在终端输入：

I am just starting to use terminal for my programming needs. In a lot of Django tutorials I see people say, for example, I should type this in terminal:

manage.py runserver

不过，我这样做时，它说：

However when I do this it says:

bash: manage.py: command not found

我得到它时，我做的工作：蟒蛇manage.py的runserver ，但是我想明白为什么这个工程，而另一个方法不。我想这些都是一些很基本的东西，但我想我会在这里问。

I get it to work when I do: python manage.py runserver, however I would like to understand why this works and the other method doesn't. I guess these are some very basic things but I thought I'd ask here.

推荐答案

的bash（1）将搜索你的 PATH 环境变量来查找程序来执行。 PATH 通常不包含你的当前工作目录（ ），因为打开人到琐碎的安全问题：

bash(1) will search your PATH environment variable to find programs to execute. PATH does not normally contain your "current working directory" (.) because that opens people up to trivial security problems:

cd /home/unsavory_character/
ls

如果 unsavory_character 放置一个可执行文件 /家庭/ unsavory_character / LS ，增加了他或她的 SSH（1）键你的的〜/ .ssh / authorized_keys中文件，你会大吃一惊 - 他或她可以为您登录无需输入密码。

If unsavory_character places an executable in /home/unsavory_character/ls that adds his or her ssh(1) key to your ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file, you'd be in for a surprise -- he or she could log in as you without a password.

所以系统这几天不要在当前工作目录添加到 PATH ，因为它太不安全了。

So systems these days don't add the current working directory to the PATH, because it is too unsafe.

解决方法：

./manage.py runserver

当然，假定当前工作目录是哪个目录包含 manage.py 脚本。这可能是一个安全的假设。如果您希望能够从任何地方文件系统中执行它，您可以将目录添加到您的 PATH 通过编辑〜/。简介或〜/ .bash_profile中或〜/ .bashrc中文件。 （如果其中一个已存在，挑那一个。我似乎记得别人与 PATH 在OS X上发现问题的一个或另一个文件效果很好，而另一从来没有得到执行。）

Of course, that assumes your current working directory is whichever directory contains the manage.py script. That might be a safe assumption. If you'd like to be able to execute it from anywhere in the filesystem, you can add the directory to your PATH by editing your ~/.profile or ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc file. (If one of them already exists, pick that one. I seem to recall others with PATH problems on OS X found one or the the other file worked well, and the other one never got executed.)

（在我的情况，我在〜/斌/ 一堆自己编写的实用程序，但你可以在别的地方。改变路径，适当的。）

(In my case, I have a bunch of self-written utilities in ~/bin/, but yours might be elsewhere. Change the paths as appropriate.)

if [ -d "$HOME/bin" ] ; then
    PATH="$HOME/bin:$PATH"
fi

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