C标准库和C POSIX库之间的区别 [英] Difference between C standard library and C POSIX library

问题描述

我对C标准库和C POSIX LIB有点困惑，因为我发现，在C POSIX lib目录中定义很多头文件也都是C标准库的一部分。

I'm a little confused by "C standard lib" and "C POSIX lib", because I found that, many header files defined in "C POSIX lib" are also part of "C standard lib".

所以，我认为，C标准库是由ANSI C的组织定义一个lib，并有不同的平台上不同的实现的（Win32 /类Unix），和C POSIX LIB仅仅是一个执行C标准库的类Unix操作系统，对吧？

So, I assume that, "C standard lib" is a lib defined by ANSI C organization, and there are different implementation on different platforms (Win32/Unix-like), and "C POSIX lib" is just a implementation for "C standard lib" on Unix-like OSes, right?

不过，C POSIX lib目录中包含一些头在C标准库未指定，如＆LT; SYS / types.h中＆GT; ，＆LT; SYS / wait.h＆GT; 和＆LT; pthreads.h中方式＆gt;

But "C POSIX lib" contains some headers not specified in "C standard lib", such as <sys/types.h>, <sys/wait.h>, and <pthread.h>.

以＆LT; pthreads.h中＆GT; 作为一个例子，我presume其C标准库对应的是＆LT;线程。 H＆GT; ，那么如果我想要写Linux上的多线程程序，这头文件，我应该包括＆LT; pthreads.h中＆GT; 或＆LT; threads.h＆GT;

Take <pthread.h> as an example, I presume its "C standard lib" counterpart is <threads.h>, then if I want to write a multi-threaded program on Linux, which header file should I include, <pthread.h> or <threads.h>?

推荐答案

POSIX标准C库的一个超集，并且要注意的是它委托给它，它是非常重要的。如果C和POSIX是有史以来发生冲突，C赢了。

POSIX is a superset of the standard C library, and it's important to note that it defers to it. If C and POSIX is ever in conflict, C wins.

插座，文件描述符，共享内存等都是POSIX的一部分，但在C库中不存在。

Sockets, file descriptors, shared memory etc. are all part of POSIX, but do not exist in the C library.

pthreads.h中用于POSIX线程和 threads.h 是C11的新报头，是部分C库。也许pthreads的将是支持C的人在将来的某个时候pcated德$ P $，但你可能不能指望C11有wides $ P $垫部署呢。因此，如果你想可移植性，你应该preFER pthreads的现在。如果便携性是不是一个问题，你有可用的C11线程，你应该使用这些。

pthread.h is used for POSIX threads and threads.h is a new header for C11 and is part of the C library. Perhaps pthreads will be deprecated sometime in the future in favor of the C ones, however you probably can't count on C11 to have widespread deployment yet. Therefore if you want portability you should prefer pthreads for now. If portability is not a concern, and you have C11 threads available, you should probably use those.

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