基于文件的配置用C处理（UNIX） [英] File based Configuration handling in C ( Unix )

问题描述

这可能是在编程时最常见的任务/问题之一;你需要存储应用程序的配置的某个地方。

This is probably one of the most common tasks / problems when programming; You need to store the configuration of your application somewhere.

虽然我尝试创建一个网络服务器和/或其他应用程序，我想保持code尽可能的干净，因为我在编程的主要兴趣是结构。这导致我想在一个文件中存储的配置，可以无需重新编译软件被改变。

While im trying to create a webserver and / or other applications, I'd like to keep the code as clean as possible since my main interest in programming is Architecture. This results in me wanting to store configurations in a file which can be changed without having to re-compile the software.

我不是这里重新发明轮子或类似的东西，我想要做的是建立在* nix在C配置读卡器等什么。配置看起来很像任何其他软件配置;阿帕奇，vsftpd的，MySQL的，等等。

I'm not here to re-invent the wheel or anything like that, so what I'd like to do is creating a Configuration reader in C on *nix. The configuration might look a lot like any other softwares configurations; Apache, vsftpd, mysql, etc.

的基本问题是：如何从一个文本和处理每行有效地读取（纯C）？我是否需要使用龟etc（），并处理每一个字符？

The basic question is: How do you read from a Textfile and process each line efficiently ( In Pure C )? Do i need to use fgetc() and process each char?

推荐答案

好吧，让我们击中了另一部分。你需要考虑你想要什么，有作为你的语言。在UNIX世界，那种规范版本可能是空格分隔文本（想想 / etc / hosts中）或：分隔文本（如 / etc / passwd文件）。

Okay, so let's hit the other part. You need to think about what you'd like to have as your "language". In the UNIX world, the sort of canonical version is probably whitespace-delimited text (think /etc/hosts) or ":" delimited text (like /etc/passwd).

您有几个选项，在某种意义上其中最简单的使用scanf函数（3）。再次，详细内容请阅读手册页，但如果一个行条目是像

You have a couple of options, the simplest in some sense being to use scanf(3). Again, read the man page for details, but if a line entry is something like

port    100

，那么您会寻找类似

then you'll be looking for something like

char inbuf[MAXLINE];
int  val;

scanf("%s %d\n", &inbuf[0], &val);

您可以得到更多的灵活性，如果你写一个简单的解析FSA：阅读人物之一在从行时间，并使用有限自动机定义做什么

You can get a bit more flexibility if you write a simple FSA parse: read characters one at a time from the line, and use a finite automaton to define what to do.

这篇关于基于文件的配置用C处理（UNIX）的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！