用C捕获段错误 [英] Catching segfaults in C

问题描述

我有一个从指针运算有时会出现segfaults的程序。我知道这会发生，但我不能很容易地检查时间提前看它是否出现segfaults与否 - 无论是我能pre-扫描输入数据，看它是否会导致段错误（可以是不可能的确定），或者我可以改装它不使用指针运算，这需要工作的一个显著金额较大，或者我可以尝试赶上一个段错误。所以我的问题：

I have a program that segfaults from pointer arithmetic sometimes. I know this happens, but I can't easily check ahead of time to see whether it segfaults or not - either I can "pre-scan" input data to see if it will cause a segfault (which can be impossible to determine), or I can refit it to not use pointer arithmetic, which would require a significantly larger amount of work, or I can try to catch a segfault. So my question:

1）如何在C，可我抓住段错误？我知道的的东西的操作系统中引起段错误，但是可以在C程序中，它出现segfaults以更为优美死一点不仅仅是分割故障时做？

1) How, in C, can I catch a segfault? I know something in the OS causes a segfault, but what can a C program do in the event that it segfaults to die a bit more gracefully than just Segmentation fault?

2）如何便携式是什么？

2) How portable is this?

我想这是一个非常不可移植的行为，因此，如果您张贴任何code搭上段错误，请告诉我这是什么工程上。我在Mac OS X，但我想我的程序，以尽可能多的平台上工作，因为它可以，我想看看我的选择。

I imagine this is a highly unportable behavior, so if you post any code to catch a segfault, please tell me what it works on. I'm on Mac OS X but I'd like my program to work on as many platforms as it can and I want to see what my options are.

和不要担心 - 基本上所有我想要做的就是打印更加用户友好的错误消息，并释放一些的malloc（） ED内存，然后死亡。我不打算只是忽略所有的设计缺陷，我得到耕翻和未来。

And don't worry - basically all I want to do is print a more user-friendly error message and free some malloc()ed memory, and then die. I'm not planning on just ignoring all segfaults I get and plowing ahead.

推荐答案

您必须定义一个信号处理程序。这是使用功能 的sigaction 。我做这个用在Fedora 64位和32位在同一code和Sun Solaris上。

You have to define a signal handler. This is done on Unix systems using the function sigaction. I've done this with the same code on Fedora 64- and 32-bit, and on Sun Solaris.

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