构建Python脚本，并调用从C＃方法 [英] Build Python scripts and call methods from C#

问题描述

有什么办法使这种情况下工作？

Is there any way to make this scenario work?

有是一个Python脚本。

There is a Python script. It is built into a DLL by running this script with IronPython:

import clr
clr.CompileModules("CompiledScript.dll", "script.py")

我们的目标是调用从C＃代码这个DLL的方法。 .net反射显示有在DLL中一个类 - DLRCashedCode 我们感兴趣的方法是这一类的私有静态方法

The goal is to call this DLL's methods from C# code. .NET Reflector shows there is one class in the DLL - DLRCashedCode and the methods we are interested in are private static methods of this class.

例如，有一个在脚本中的功能：

For example, there is a function in the script:

def scriptMethod(self, text):
...

其在DLL中表示为：

private static object scriptMethod(Closure closure1, PythonFunction $function, object self, object text)
{
...
}

关闭和 PythonFunction 是IronPython的类（从Microsoft.Scripting.dll和IronPython.dll）。

Closure and PythonFunction are IronPython classes (from Microsoft.Scripting.dll and IronPython.dll).

到目前为止好。是否有可能这种方法用C＃代码调用？使用类似

So far so good. Is it possible this method to be called by C# code? The idea of using reflection like

Type t = typeof(DLRCachedCode);

string methodName = "scriptMethod";
MethodInfo method = t.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static);

object[] parameters = new object[] { "param1", "param2" };  // the "params problem"
method.Invoke(null, parameters);

似乎因为设置方法的参数的困难。如果他们（任何如何）正确初始化，可能我们预期该方法工作的顺利开展？

seems harder because of setting the method's parameters. If they are (any how) initialized correctly, could we expect the method to work smoothly?

有没有更好的方法来调用从C＃这样的方法呢？由于各种不同的原因，我们希望有脚本建成一个.NET程序集，而不是调用脚本本身。

Is there a better way to call this methods from C#? For various different reasons we prefer to have the script built as a .NET assembly and not to call the script itself.

推荐答案

排序的。不能从C＃代码直接访问Python的方法。除非你用C＃4.0玩和动态关键字或你是非常，非常特别的）。但是，您可以编译的IronPython类为DLL，然后使用IronPython的在C＃托管访问方法（这是IronPython的2.6和.NET 2.0）。

Sort of. You cannot access the Python methods directly from C# code. Unless you are playing with C# 4.0 and the dynamic keyword or you are very, very special ;). However, you can compile an IronPython class to a DLL and then use IronPython hosting in C# to access the methods (this is for IronPython 2.6 and .NET 2.0).

创建C＃程序是这样的：

Create a C# program like this:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using IronPython.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Scripting.Hosting;
// we get access to Action and Func on .Net 2.0 through Microsoft.Scripting.Utils
using Microsoft.Scripting.Utils;


namespace TestCallIronPython
{
    class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Hello World!");
            ScriptEngine pyEngine = Python.CreateEngine();

            Assembly myclass = Assembly.LoadFile(Path.GetFullPath("MyClass.dll"));
            pyEngine.Runtime.LoadAssembly(myclass);
            ScriptScope pyScope = pyEngine.Runtime.ImportModule("MyClass");

            // Get the Python Class
            object MyClass = pyEngine.Operations.Invoke(pyScope.GetVariable("MyClass"));

            // Invoke a method of the class
            pyEngine.Operations.InvokeMember(MyClass, "somemethod", new object[0]);

            // create a callable function to 'somemethod'
            Action SomeMethod2 = pyEngine.Operations.GetMember<Action>(MyClass, "somemethod");
            SomeMethod2();

            // create a callable function to 'isodd'
            Func<int, bool> IsOdd = pyEngine.Operations.GetMember<Func<int, bool>>(MyClass, "isodd");
            Console.WriteLine(IsOdd(1).ToString());
            Console.WriteLine(IsOdd(2).ToString());

            Console.Write("Press any key to continue . . . ");
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }
    }
}

请一个微不足道的Python类象这样的：

Make a trivial Python class like this:

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self):
        print "I'm in a compiled class (I hope)"

    def somemethod(self):
        print "in some method"

    def isodd(self, n):
        return 1 == n % 2

编译它（我用的 SharpDevelop的），但 clr.CompileModules 方法还应该工作。然后推编译 MyClass.dll 进入该目录，其中已编译C＃程序的生命并运行它。你应该得到这样的结果：

Compile it (I use SharpDevelop) but the clr.CompileModules method should also work. Then shove the compiled MyClass.dll into the directory where the compiled C# program lives and run it. You should get this as the result:

Hello World!
I'm in a compiled class (I hope)
in some method
in some method
True
False
Press any key to continue . . .

这整合了消除了创建和编译一个小的Python存根，也是杰夫的更直接的解决方案演示如何创建访问在Python类中的方法C＃函数调用。

This incorporates Jeff's more direct solution that eliminates having to create and compile a small Python 'stub' and also shows how you can create C# function calls that access the methods in the Python class.

这篇关于构建Python脚本，并调用从C＃方法的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！