.NET：如何异常转换成字符串？ [英] .NET: How to convert Exception to string?

问题描述

当一个异常被抛出（而在IDE调试），我有机会的查看详情的异常：

When an exception is thrown (while debugging in the IDE), i have the opportunity to view details of the exception:

< IMG SRC =http://i.stack.imgur.com/NNcx3.pngALT =在这里输入的形象描述>

但在代码中，如果我打电话 exception.ToString（）我不明白，看那些有用的细节：

But in code if i call exception.ToString() i do not get to see those useful details:

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): Could not find stored procedure 'FetchActiveUsers'.
  [...snip stack trace...]

但Visual Studio有一些魔术在那里可以的异常复制到剪贴板的：

这给有用的细节：

System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException was unhandled by user code
  Message=Could not find stored procedure 'FetchActiveUsers'.
  Source=.Net SqlClient Data Provider
  ErrorCode=-2146232060
  Class=16
  LineNumber=1
  Number=2812
  Procedure=""
  Server=vader
  State=62
  StackTrace:
       [...snip stack trace...]
  InnerException:

那么我想，

什么是内容：

String ExceptionToString(Exception ex)
{ 
    //todo: Write useful routine
    return ex.ToString();
}

这也能完成同样的魔术。有建于某处.NET函数？是否例外有一个秘法的地方将其转换为字符串？

that can accomplish the same magic. Is there a .NET function built in somewhere? Does Exception have a secret method somewhere to convert it to a string?

推荐答案

错误码是特定于 ExternalException ，而不是例外和 LINENUMBER 和编号特定于的SQLException ，而不是例外。因此，只有这样，才能对例外不同于一般的扩展方法这些属性是使用反射来遍历所有的公共属性。

ErrorCode is specific to ExternalException, not Exception and LineNumber and Number are specific to SqlException, not Exception. Therefore, the only way to get these properties from a general extension method on Exception is to use reflection to iterate over all of the public properties.

所以你必须要这样说：

public static string GetExceptionDetails(this Exception exception) {
    var properties = exception.GetType()
                            .GetProperties();
    var fields = properties
                     .Select(property => new { 
                         Name = property.Name,
                         Value = property.GetValue(exception, null)
                     })
                     .Select(x => String.Format(
                         "{0} = {1}",
                         x.Name,
                         x.Value != null ? x.Value.ToString() : String.Empty
                     ));
    return String.Join("\n", fields);
}

（没有测试过compliation的问题。）

(Not tested for compliation issues.)

.NET 2.0兼容的回答：

.NET 2.0 compatible answer:

public static string GetExceptionDetails(this Exception exception) 
{
    PropertyInfo[] properties = exception.GetType()
                            .GetProperties();
    List<string> fields = new List<string>();
    foreach(PropertyInfo property in properties) {
        object value = property.GetValue(exception, null);
        fields.Add(String.Format(
                         "{0} = {1}",
                         property.Name,
                         value != null ? value.ToString() : String.Empty
        ));    
    }         
    return String.Join("\n", fields.ToArray());
}

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