升级到Mac OS X 10.9 / Xcode 5.0.1后出现C ++链接错误 [英] C++ linking error after upgrading to Mac OS X 10.9 / Xcode 5.0.1

问题描述

升级到Mac OS X 10.9 / Xcode 5.0.1后，创建共享库（.dylib）的命令行失败，出现了多个未定义的符号。

  clang ++ -dynamiclib -install_name test.dylib * .o -o test.dylib 
架构x86_64的未定义符号：
std :: allocator< char> ，引用自：
 _main in test.o 
std :: allocator< char> ::〜allocator（），引用自：
 _main in test.o 
 std :: ostream :: operator<<（std :: ostream&（*）（std :: ostream&）），引用自：
 _main in test.o 
std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char>> :: basic_string（char const *，std :: allocator< char> const&），引用自：
 _main test.o 
std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char>> ::〜basic_string（），引用自：
 _main .o 
std :: ios_base :: Init :: Init（），引用自：
 ___cxx_global_var_init in test.o 
std :: ios_base :: Init ::〜Init ），引用自：
 ___cxx_global_var_init in test.o 
std :: cout，引用自：
 _main in test.o 
std :: basic_ostream& std :: char_traits< char> >& std :: endl< char，std :: char_traits< char> >（std :: basic_ostream< char，std :: char_traits< char>>&），引用自：
 _main in test.o 
std :: basic_ostream& ：char_traits< char> >& std :: operator<<< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> >（std :: basic_ostream< char，std :: char_traits< char>&& std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> ，引用自：
 _main in test.o 
 ld：未找到用于架构x86_64的符号
  

解决方案

答案是： http://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/34692/mathlink-linking-error-after-os-x-10-9-mavericks-upgrade

在OS X上有两个标准C ++库的实现：libstdc ++和libc ++，它们不是二进制兼容的，libMLi3需要libstdc ++。 / p>

在10.8和早期版本中，默认选择libstdc ++，10.9为了确保与libMLi3兼容，我们需要手动选择libstdc ++。 b
$ b

为此，请将-stdlib = libstdc ++添加到链接命令中。

使用Libc ++编译未定义的引用

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编辑：经过一番调查后，似乎-mmacosx-version-min的默认libstd。如果min版本< 10.9，则默认的libstd等于libstdc ++，否则为libc ++。长期解决方案显然是使用-stdlib = libc ++

After upgrading to Mac OS X 10.9 / Xcode 5.0.1, command lines to create a shared library (.dylib) failed with several undefined symbols.

clang++ -dynamiclib -install_name test.dylib *.o -o test.dylib
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "std::allocator<char>::allocator()", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::allocator<char>::~allocator()", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::ostream::operator<<(std::ostream& (*)(std::ostream&))", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(char const*, std::allocator<char> const&)", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::ios_base::Init::Init()", referenced from:
      ___cxx_global_var_init in test.o
  "std::ios_base::Init::~Init()", referenced from:
      ___cxx_global_var_init in test.o
  "std::cout", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::endl<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&)", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
  "std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::operator<<<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
      _main in test.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64

解决方案

The answer is there: http://mathematica.stackexchange.com/questions/34692/mathlink-linking-error-after-os-x-10-9-mavericks-upgrade

There are two implementations of the standard C++ library available on OS X: libstdc++ and libc++. They are not binary compatible and libMLi3 requires libstdc++.

On 10.8 and earlier libstdc++ is chosen by default, on 10.9 libc++ is chosen by default. To ensure compatibility with libMLi3, we need to choose libstdc++ manually.

To do this, add -stdlib=libstdc++ to the linking command.

Related post: Compiling with Clang using Libc++ undefined references

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Edit: After some investigations it seems there is a link between the "-mmacosx-version-min" and the choice of the default libstd. If min version < 10.9, then the default libstd is equal to "libstdc++", else to "libc++". The long term solution is clearly to use "-stdlib=libc++"

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