STD链接器错误与Apple LLVM 4.1 [英] STD linker error with Apple LLVM 4.1

问题描述

我在C ++中有一个大型静态库，它的Objective-C最初是为iOS（armv7）构建的。 bit Intel x86_64）版本，但是一旦我试图在OS X应用程序项目中使用它（针对Lion 10.7），几十个链接器错误出现，其中大多数关于标准库符号。

我知道如何解决我的链接器问题，但下面复制的STD正在欺骗我。

 std :: basic_filebuf std :: basic_stringbuf< char，std :: char_traits& ：allocator< char>> :: str（）const
std :: basic_ios< char，std :: char_traits< char>> :: widen（char）const
std： ：istream& std :: istream :: _ M_extract< double>（double&）
std :: ostream :: put（char）
std :: ostream :: flush b $ bstd :: ostream& std :: ostream :: _ M_insert< void const *>（void const *）
std :: ostream& std :: ostream :: _ M_insert< bool> ）
std :: ostream& std :: ostream :: _ M_insert< double>（double）
std :: ostream& std :: ostream :: _ M_insert< unsigned long>（unsigned long）
std :: ostream :: operator<<（int）
std :: ostream :: operator< （short）
std :: string :: _ Rep :: _ M_destroy（std :: allocator< char> const&）
std :: string :: _ Rep :: _ S_terminal
std :: string :: _ Rep :: _ S_empty_rep_storage
std :: string :: _ Rep :: _ S_create（unsigned long，unsigned long，std :: allocator< char> const&）
 std :: string :: append（char const *，unsigned long）
std :: string :: append（std :: string const&）
std :: string :: assign （std :: string const&）
std :: string :: reserve（unsigned long）
std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< ; char> > :: basic_string（char const *，std :: allocator< char> const&）
std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > :: basic_string（std :: string const&）
std :: basic_string< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > ::〜basic_string（）
std :: basic_ofstream< char，std :: char_traits< char> > :: open（char const *，std :: _ Ios_Openmode）
std :: basic_ofstream< char，std :: char_traits< char> > :: close（）
std :: basic_ofstream< char，std :: char_traits< char> > :: basic_ofstream（）
std :: basic_ofstream< char，std :: char_traits< char> > ::〜basic_ofstream（）
std :: _ List_node_base :: hook（std :: _ List_node_base *）
std :: _ List_node_base :: unhook（）
std :: basic_stringstream< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > :: basic_stringstream（std :: string const& std :: _ Ios_Openmode）
std :: basic_stringstream< char，std :: char_traits< char> ;, std :: allocator< char> > :: basic_stringstream（std :: _ Ios_Openmode）
std :: basic_stringstream< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > ::〜basic_stringstream（）
std :: basic_ostringstream< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > :: basic_ostringstream（std :: _ Ios_Openmode）
std :: basic_ostringstream< char，std :: char_traits< char>，std :: allocator< char> > ::〜basic_ostringstream（）
std :: ios_base :: Init :: Init（）
std :: ios_base :: Init ::〜Init（）
 std :: basic_ios< char，std :: char_traits< char> > :: clear（std :: _ Ios_Iostate）
std :: basic_ostream< char，std :: char_traits< char> >& std :: __ ostream_insert< char，std :: char_traits< char> >（std :: basic_ostream< char，std :: char_traits< char>& char const *，long）
std :: _ Rb_tree_decrement（std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base *）
 std :: _ Rb_tree_increment（std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base const *）
std :: _ Rb_tree_increment（std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base *）
std :: __ throw_logic_error（char const *）
 std :: __ throw_length_error（char const *）
std :: __ throw_out_of_range（char const *）
std :: _ Rb_tree_rebalance_for_erase（std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base *，std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base&）
std :: _ Rb_tree_insert_and_rebalance（bool，std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base *，std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base *，std :: _ Rb_tree_node_base&）
std :: cerr
std :: cout 
  

我检查了我的构建设置，我的项目链接到标准库（ stdlib = libc ++ ），我可以使用std :: cout没有任何问题在我的main.cpp。

我更改了编译器设置从Apple LLVM 4.1到LLVM GCC 4.2和问题消失。
我想继续使用Apple LLVM 4.1。如何解决这个问题？

谢谢！

解决方案

更改链接的标准库使用 libstdc ++ 而不是 libc ++ - 问题是其他库是使用 g ++使用 libstdc ++ 库的模式。

考虑下面的示例代码： p>

  dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred％cat fred.cpp 
 #include< iostream> 
 #include< string> 
 #includefred.h
 
 using namespace std; 
 
 bool dofred（string& x）
 {
 cout< x<< endl; 
 return true; 
} 
 dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred％cat fred.h 
 
 #include< iostream> 
 #include< string> 
 
 bool dofred（std :: string& x）; 
 
 dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred％clang ++ -stdlib = libc ++ -shared -o fred.dylib fred.cpp 
 dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred ％nm fred.dylib | c ++ filt | grep dofred 
 0000000000000fa0 T dofred（std :: __ 1 :: basic_string< char，std :: __ 1 :: char_traits< char>，std :: __ 1 :: allocator< char>&）
 dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred％clang ++ -stdlib = libstdc ++ -shared -o fred.dylib fred.cpp 
 dhcp-191：〜/ Development / testy / fred％nm fred.dylib | c ++ filt | grep dofred 
 0000000000000e30 T dofred（std :: string&）
  

导出符号。当尝试使用该符号时，使用相同 -stdlib 标志的应用程序将能够链接，而不会显示链接错误的应用程序。 p>

I've got a large static library in C++ with bits of Objective-C originally built for iOS (armv7).

I built a OS X (64-bit Intel x86_64) version of it, but as soon as I tried to use it in a OS X app project (targeted to Lion 10.7), tens of linker errors appeared, most of them about standard library symbols.

I know how to solve "my" linker problems, but the STD ones copied below are bugging me.

"std::basic_filebuf<char, std::char_traits<char> >::is_open() const"
"std::basic_stringbuf<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::str() const"
"std::basic_ios<char, std::char_traits<char> >::widen(char) const"
"std::istream& std::istream::_M_extract<double>(double&)"
"std::ostream::put(char)"
"std::ostream::flush()"
"std::ostream& std::ostream::_M_insert<void const*>(void const*)"
"std::ostream& std::ostream::_M_insert<bool>(bool)"
"std::ostream& std::ostream::_M_insert<double>(double)"
"std::ostream& std::ostream::_M_insert<unsigned long>(unsigned long)"
"std::ostream::operator<<(int)"
"std::ostream::operator<<(short)"
"std::string::_Rep::_M_destroy(std::allocator<char> const&)"
"std::string::_Rep::_S_terminal"
"std::string::_Rep::_S_empty_rep_storage"
"std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned long, unsigned long, std::allocator<char> const&)"
"std::string::append(char const*, unsigned long)"
"std::string::append(std::string const&)"
"std::string::assign(std::string const&)"
"std::string::reserve(unsigned long)"
"std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(char const*, std::allocator<char> const&)"
"std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(std::string const&)"
"std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_string()"
"std::basic_ofstream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::open(char const*, std::_Ios_Openmode)"
"std::basic_ofstream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::close()"
"std::basic_ofstream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::basic_ofstream()"
"std::basic_ofstream<char, std::char_traits<char> >::~basic_ofstream()"
"std::_List_node_base::hook(std::_List_node_base*)"
"std::_List_node_base::unhook()"
"std::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_stringstream(std::string const&, std::_Ios_Openmode)"
"std::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_stringstream(std::_Ios_Openmode)"
"std::basic_stringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_stringstream()"
"std::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_ostringstream(std::_Ios_Openmode)"
"std::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::~basic_ostringstream()"
"std::ios_base::Init::Init()"
"std::ios_base::Init::~Init()"
"std::basic_ios<char, std::char_traits<char> >::clear(std::_Ios_Iostate)"
"std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >& std::__ostream_insert<char, std::char_traits<char> >(std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char> >&, char const*, long)"
"std::_Rb_tree_decrement(std::_Rb_tree_node_base*)"
"std::_Rb_tree_increment(std::_Rb_tree_node_base const*)"
"std::_Rb_tree_increment(std::_Rb_tree_node_base*)"
"std::__throw_logic_error(char const*)"
"std::__throw_length_error(char const*)"
"std::__throw_out_of_range(char const*)"
"std::_Rb_tree_rebalance_for_erase(std::_Rb_tree_node_base*, std::_Rb_tree_node_base&)"
"std::_Rb_tree_insert_and_rebalance(bool, std::_Rb_tree_node_base*, std::_Rb_tree_node_base*, std::_Rb_tree_node_base&)"
"std::cerr"
"std::cout"

I checked my build settings, my project links to the standard library (-stdlib=libc++) and I can use std::cout without any problem in my main.cpp.

I changed the compiler in the build settings from Apple LLVM 4.1 to LLVM GCC 4.2 and the problem disappeared. I want to keep using Apple LLVM 4.1. How can I fix that?

Thanks!

解决方案

Change the standard library that is linked to use libstdc++ instead of libc++ - the problem is that the other library was compiled using the g++ mode which uses the libstdc++ library.

Consider the following sample code:

dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% cat fred.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include "fred.h"

using namespace std;

bool dofred(string &x)
{
    cout << x << endl;
    return true;
}
dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% cat fred.h

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

bool dofred(std::string &x);

dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% clang++ -stdlib=libc++ -shared -o fred.dylib fred.cpp
dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% nm fred.dylib | c++filt | grep dofred
0000000000000fa0 T dofred(std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >&)
dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% clang++ -stdlib=libstdc++ -shared -o fred.dylib fred.cpp
dhcp-191:~/Development/testy/fred% nm fred.dylib | c++filt | grep dofred                     
0000000000000e30 T dofred(std::string&)

You get two completely different exported symbols. When trying to use the symbol, the app that uses the same -stdlib flag will be able to link, while the app that doesn't will display a link error.

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